鄂尔多斯草原旅游可持续发展评价

THE EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE GRASSLAND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN ORDOS

关键词:  鄂尔多斯草原旅游 AHP可持续发展评价

Key words:  Ordos  grassland tourism  AHP  sustainable development  evaluation

摘要:

［目的］鉴于草原资源存在一定脆弱性，对鄂尔多斯草原旅游整体可持续发展能力进行评价，以期为当地发展草原旅游产业以及打造“大旅游”提供借鉴与指导。［方法］采用定性与定量相结合的层次分析法对鄂尔多斯草原旅游可持续发展做出评价，通过专家两两打分确定指标权重。［结果］（1）资源支持系统是鄂尔多斯草原旅游可持续发展首先应该被考虑的因素。（2）鄂尔多斯草原旅游对当地经济的贡献率是影响政府决策的重要因素； 游客的草原资源保护意识对鄂尔多斯草原旅游可持续发展更重要； 居民发展草原旅游意愿度是基于居民角度的影响草原旅游可持续发展的重要因子。（3）近几年过度开垦现象得到了有效抑制，土地有效利用程度也得到改善； 牧民城市居住的需求已趋于饱和，有利于降低草原退化，提升草原质量。（4）城乡居民收入差距对当地居民发展草原旅游的驱动作用一直存在。［结论］鄂尔多斯草原旅游可持续发展应首要考虑资源支持系统，着重从防治过度开垦、过度放牧，限制不合理的旅游资源开发、保持适度城镇工程建设，以及控制高峰期草原旅游资源使用强度、增加旅游区草原环保标识提醒数量等方面入手。

Abstract:

In view of the vulnerability of grassland resources, the assessment of the overall sustainable development capability of the tourism of Ordos grassland was conducted in order to provide reference and guidance for the local development of the grassland tourism industry and the creation of "big tourism". This paper adopts a combination of qualitative and quantitative analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the sustainable development of Ordos steppe tourism, and determine the index weights through experts′ scores. The resource support system is the main evaluation factor for the sustainable tourism development in the Ordos steppe, and should be first take into consideration. The contribution rate and leading role of tourism in the Ordos steppe to the local economy are important factors influencing the government′s decision-making; compared with the economic contribution of tourists, the awareness of grassland resources protection is more important for the sustainable development of the Ordos steppe tourism. The degree of willingness is an important factor that influences the sustainable development of grassland tourism from residents′ perspectives. In recent years, the phenomenon of excessive reclamation has been effectively controlled, and the effective use of land has also been improved. The demand for herdsmen living in cities has become saturated, which helps to reduce grassland degradation and improve grassland quality. The income gap between urban and rural residents has always been a driving factor for local residents to develop grassland tourism.The sustainable development of grassland tourism in Ordos should first consider the resource support system, focusing on the prevention and restoring of excessive reclamation, excessive grazing, restricting unreasonable development of tourism resources, maintaining appropriate urban engineering construction, controlling the overuse of grassland tourism resources during the peak period, and increasing the grassland environmental protection signs in tourism areas.