张家口市土地利用多功能性动态变化及影响因素

STUDY ON DYNAMIC CHANGE OF MULTI FUNCTIONALITY OF LAND USE AND ITS DRIVING FACTORS IN ZHANGJIAKOU CITY

关键词:  土地利用多功能性评价灰色关联度模型影响因素张家口

Key words:  land use  multi functionality evaluation  grey relational degree model  driving factor  Zhangjiakou city

摘要:

［目的］研究土地利用多功能性可为区域土地资源可持续利用提供科学依据。［方法］文章以张家口市为例，运用综合指数模型和灰色关联分析法分析1985—2014年张家口市土地利用多功能性动态变化及其影响因素。［结果］（1）1985—2014年土地利用多功能性总体上处于较低水平和较高水平，土地利用总功能变化具有明显的阶段性， 1985—2000年土地利用总功能在波动中减弱，土地利用功能以生态功能为主导； 2000—2014年土地利用总功能在波动中增强，土地利用主导功能由生态功能向经济、社会功能转变。（2）土地利用社会功能缓慢增强，经济功能在波动中增强，生态功能显著减弱并处于明显的波动状态。（3）空间承载、就业支撑、生态维持功能不断增强，社会保障、农业生产、牧业生产、经济发展功能在波动中增强，交通服务功能先缓慢提升后快速提升，资源供给功能逐渐减弱，环境净化功能显著减弱并处于明显的波动状态。（4）土地利用多功能性变化的关键影响因子由自然条件、社会经济因素向环境、政策因素扩展。［结论］基于可持续发展三维度理念构建的指标体系适用于张家口市土地利用多功能性评价，灰色关联模型能够较好地识别土地利用多功能性动态变化的关键影响因子。

Abstract:

By investigating of multi functionality of land use can provide scientific basis for sustainable utilization of regional land resources. Taking Zhangjiakou city as an example, the paper analyzed the dynamic change of multi functionality of land use and its driving factors through the use of comprehensive index method and gray relational degree model from1985 to 2014. The results showed : (I) The multi functionality of land use was generally at lower level and higher level from1985 to 2014. The total function of land use decreased with some fluctuation from1985 to 2000, and it presented an overall upward trend yet fluctuated from 2000 to 2014. The land use function was dominated by ecological function from1985 to 2000, while the dominant function of land use changed from ecological function to economic function or social function from 2000 to 2014. (II) The dynamic change characteristics of single functions of land use were significantly different. Social function increased slowly with fluctuation while economic function increased fluctuantly from1985 to 2014. Moreover, ecological function weakened significantly in the obvious fluctuation during the same period. (III) In the sub functions of land use, spatial carrying function, employment support function, and ecological maintenance function showed an overall upward trend from1985 to 2014. Meanwhile, the sub functions of social function increased fluctuantly, including social security function, agricultural production function, livestock production function, and economic development function. What′s more, traffic service function was stable during from1985 to 2000, while it increased from 2000 to 2014. Besides, with the decrease of resource supply function, environment purification function weakened evidently with obvious volatility from 1985 to 2014. (IV) As view from the index layer, factors which drove the total function of land use were in dynamic changes, so were the categories and number of key driving factors and the influence degree. The key driving factors spread from natural factor and socioeconomic factor to environmental factor and policy factor. Finally, the index system based on the three dimensional concept of sustainable development was appropriate for the multi functionality evaluation of land use in Zhangjiakou city. The grey relational degree model used in this study was suitable for identifying the driving factors of the dynamic changes.