区域贫困农户生计能力与生态环境的关系*——以重庆市16个区县为例

RESEARCH OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RURAL POOR PEOPLE′s LIVELIHOOD ABILITY AND ECO ENVIRONMENT LEVEL*——A CASE STUDY ON THE 16 COUNTIES IN CHONGQING

关键词:  贫困农户生计能力生态环境水平协同关系重庆市

Key words:  poor households  livelihood ability  eco environment level  synergistic relationship  Chongqing

摘要:

［目的］通过分析区域贫困农户生计能力与生态环境间的关系，拓宽贫困与生态环境关系研究的视角与方法，为研究区扶贫和生态环境保护政策制定提供决策参考。［方法］基于重庆市16个扶贫开发工作重点区县贫困农户调查数据，采用综合评价法从县域尺度上评价区域贫困农户生计能力，借助象限图法和耦合协调度模型划分区域贫困农户生计能力与生态环境水平关系类型。［结果］研究区共有13个区县贫困农户的分项生计资源表现为缺乏状态，其中5个区县表现出多项生计资源缺乏的状态，评价结果可为今后的贫困治理和生态环境保护“补短板”提供导向依据； 16个区县耦合协调度整体水平较高，属于中度协调类型，但存在明显的区域差异，各区县耦合协调度大致呈左偏态分布； 仅3个区县的相互关系为协调发展类，其余13个为过渡类和失调衰退类，多数区县当前在处理贫困治理和生态环境保护的关系方面暂无有效的双赢模式。［结论］根据贫困农户生计能力与生态环境关系的空间分异特点，在今后的扶贫工作中制定差异化的政策和措施予以提升两者协同关系。

Abstract:

The objective of this study is to research on the relationship between rural poor people′s livelihood ability and eco environment level，in order to broaden the perspectives and methods for the studies of relationship between poverty and eco environment，and provide reference for decision making on poverty alleviation and ecological environment protection in the study areas.Based on investigation data of poor people in the 16 key counties（districts）for poverty alleviation and development work in Chongqing，the paper evaluated rural poor people′s livelihood ability at a county scale by adopting comprehensive evaluation method，described and analyzed the relationship types between rural poor people′s livelihood ability and eco environment level with integrated application of Coupling coordination model and Four quadrant diagram.The results showed that there were 13 counties（districts）lacking in subitem of poor rural households′ livelihood capital， 5 of which were lacking in multiple subitems，and the evaluation results could provide a basis for guiding the poverty governance and protection of the ecological environment to fill short board in future.Overall，the coupling coordination degree in the study area got a high level，which could be classified as Moderately Coordinated Type.However，the coupling coordination degree of different counties（districts）showed significant regional differences，also presented as a left skewed distribution.Only 3 of the 16 counties（districts）were Coordinated Developing Type in the relationship between rural poor people′s livelihood ability and eco environment level，the others were Intermediate Type and Maladjusted Declining Type，which meant that there were no effective win win model in dealing with the two parts in most counties in the study area.In a conclusion，differentiated policies and measures should be put forward based on the regional differentiation of the relationship between livelihood ability and ecological environment，to change the present situation in future poverty alleviation.