基于定性比较分析（QCA）方法的村级集经济发展影响因素分析

ANALYSIS ON THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF VILLAGE-LEVEL COLLECTIVE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT BASED ON QUALITATIVE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS (QCA) METHOD

关键词:  村级集体经济影响因素定性比较分析资产利用效率发展动力

Key words:  village level collective economy  influence factors  qualitative comparative analysis  asset utilization efficiency  development power

摘要:

［目的］农村集体经济是社会主义公有制经济的重要组成部分，发展壮大村级集体经济有利于优化配置农业生产要素、完善农村社会治理、提高乡村公共服务能力。如何发展村级集体经济，需要厘清发展的主要影响因素及其作用机制。［方法］文章通过理论分析建立影响村级集体经济发展的因素框架，以发达地区、欠发地区和贫困地区的12个行政村为对象，应用定性比较分析法（QCA）进行分析。［结果］资产利用效率、村庄精英、政府引导、农户认知度在集体经济发展中发挥了重要作用，其中资产利用效率最为关键，资源禀赋作用并不显著； 村级集体经济能否有效发展是多种因素组合共同作用的结果，并具有多元化的特点。［结论］资源利用效率是村级集体经济发展的关键条件，村庄精英是重要前提，政府引导是外生动力，农户认知是动力基础。发展村级集体经济需要把握好主要影响因素及其作用机制，注重因素的共同作用。

Abstract:

The rural collective economy is an important part of the socialist public ownership economy. The development and expansion of the village level collective economy is conducive to optimizing the allocation of agricultural production factors, improving rural social governance, and improving rural public service capacity. How to develop the village level collective economy needs to clarify the main influencing factors and the mechanism of the village level collective economy development. This paper used theoretical analysis to establish the factor framework that affected the effective development of the village level collective economy. It took 12 administrative villages in the developed areas, the underdeveloped areas and the poor areas, and analyzed them by the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) method. The results showed that asset utilization efficiency, village elites, government guidance, and farmers′ cognition played an important role in the development of the collective economy. Among them, asset utilization efficiency was the most critical, and the role of resource endowments was not significant, whether the village level collective economy was effectively developed was as a result of the combination of various factors, the combination of factors had multiple characteristics. Resource utilization efficiency is the key condition for the development of village level collective economy. Village elite is an important prerequisite. Government guidance is the external motive force and farmers′ cognition is the motive force foundation. Promoting the development of village level collective economy, it is necessary to grasp the main influencing factors and their mechanism, and pay attention to the combined effects of factors.