新疆牧民对草原生态保护受偿意愿分析

ANALYSIS ON HERDSMEN′S WILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT IN GRASSLANDS ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION IN XINJIANG

关键词:  牧民受偿意愿受偿期望值影响因素新疆

Key words:  herdsmen  grassland eco compensation  willingness to accept  impact factors  Xinjiang

摘要:

［目的］研究牧民对草原生态保护补偿受偿意愿、受偿期望值以及影响受偿意愿的因素，以期为新疆草原生态保护补偿政策的完善提供参考。［方法］基于464户牧民的问卷调查，运用CVM估值法和二元Logistic方法进行研究。［结果］7823%受访牧民具有受偿意愿， 2177%牧民不具有受偿意愿。牧民禁牧受偿意愿为94710~1 21065元/hm2，草畜平衡奖励受偿意愿为5088~65040元/hm2。［结论］牧民的受偿意愿较高，受偿意愿值远远高于草原生态保护补偿的标准。对牧民生态保护受偿意愿有显著影响的因素包括对草原生态保护补偿政策了解、实施草原生态保护补偿政策后草原状况改善、政府对草原监管、受访牧民文化程度、拥有草原面积、家庭纯收入、饲养牲畜头数、实施草原生态保护补偿政策后草原载畜量下降、补偿标准高低等。受访牧民年龄和家庭人口数对牧民生态保护受偿意愿没有显著影响。

Abstract:

As the main bodies of grassland ecological protection, the willingness of herdsmen to accept the "Grassland Ecological Protection Subsidies and Rewards Program" directly affects the implementation effect of grassland ecological protection compensation policy. Based on questionnaire data of herdsman in Xinjiang，the empirical research was conducted to study the attitude to reduce livestock and willingness to accept grassland ecological compensation and its influencing factors of herdsmen. The contingent valuation and logistic regression were used to analyze the resulting data. The results showed that 78.23% of the respondents had willingness to reduce the livestock to accept grassland ecological compensation，and 21.77% of the respondents had no willingness to reduce the livestock to accept grassland ecological compensation, because they thought that the current implementation standard was too low to compensate for economic losses due to reducing domestic livestock caused. The herdsmen preferred to 947.10～1 210.65CNY/hm2 of grazing prohibition and 508.8～650.40 CNY/hm2of balance between forage and animal. But actually，the compensation standard of grazing prohibition was 1 12.537.5 CNY/hm2 and the livestock balance was 37.5 CNY/hm2 in Xinjiang.These indicated that the current compensation standard was significantly lower．The willingness to accept grassland ecological compensation of the herdsmen were mainly affected by understanding of grassland ecological compensation policy, the change of grassland ecology after implementation of grassland ecological compensation policies, government regulation, education level, the area of pasture, the net income, the numbers of their livestock, the change of grazing capacity after implementation of grassland ecological compensation policies, and the compensation standard of grassland ecological protection. The age and family members of the herdsmen had no significant influent on the willingness to accept grassland ecological compensation.