中国区域农业科技资源配置能力及比较优势研究*——基于省级农业科学院视角

STUDY ON THE ALLOCATION CAPACITY AND COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES IN CHINA*——BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF PROVINCIAL ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

关键词:  农业科学院科技资源配置能力突变级数法比较优势NRCA模型

Key words:  academy of agricultural sciences  allocation capability of science and technology resources  catastrophe progression method  comparative advantage  NRCA model

摘要:

［目的］通过测算各地区农业科技资源的配置能力，分析其比较优势并找出不足以便弥补差距，促进各区域农业科技配置能力的提高，为各地区农业经济的发展提供支持。省级农业科学院作为各省市规模最大、综合实力最强的农业科研机构，是农业科技创新的重要主体之一，分析其科技资源配置能力具有重要的现实意义。［方法］基于2009—2016年相关数据，遴选了有代表性的评价指标体系，运用突变级数法计算农业科技资源配置能力，运用NRCA模型定量分析农业科技资源配置效益的比较优势。［结果］山东农业科学院科技资源配置能力位居全国第一，甘肃、江苏、青海农业科学院分别在农业科技人力、物力、财力资源方面具有明显的比较优势。［结论］省级农业科学院科技资源配置能力区域差异十分明显，但区域格局变化不大，且大致与各地区经济实力相吻合； 农业科技资源配置能力较高的农业科学院大多在农业科技物力资源配置效益方面具有比较优势，在农业科技人力、财力资源配置效益方面不具备比较优势。

Abstract:

Analyzing comparative advantages by calculating the allocation capacity of agricultural science and technology resources in various regions, can find gap to make up for the disparity, promote the improvement of agricultural science and technology allocation capacity in all regions and provide support for the development of agricultural economy in all regions. Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences is the largest and most comprehensive agricultural research institutions in each province. It is one of the important subjects of agricultural science and technology innovation. The research on the allocation ability of science and technology resources in the provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences has important and practical significance. Based on the relevant data from 2009 to 2014, this paper selected a representative evaluation index system, used the catastrophe progression method to calculate the allocation capacity of agricultural science and technology resources, and used the NRCA model to quantitatively analyze the comparative advantages of agricultural science and technology resource allocation benefits. Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences ranked first in the allocation of agricultural science and technology resources in China. Gansu, Jiangsu, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences have obvious comparative advantages in agricultural science and technology human resources, material resources, financial resources. The regional differences in the allocation capability of scientific and technological resources in the provincial academy of agricultural sciences are obvious, but the pattern does not change much, and roughly coincided with the economic strength of China′s regional. Most of the provincial academy of agricultural sciences with high allocation capacity of scientific and technological resources have comparative advantages in terms of the material resource allocation aspects. However, there is no comparative advantage in the allocation of human resources and financial resources.