| 摘要: |
| ［目的］通过测算中国各省市粮食生产效率评价中国粮食生产综合绩效，并从支农政策、要素投入等维度考察其对中国粮食生产效率的影响。［方法］基于2004—2016年省域面板数据，采用Malmquist DEA模型对粮食生产效率进行测度和分解，并运用面板Tobit随机效应模型对粮食生产效率影响因素进行实证检验。［结果］研究期内粮食生产全要素生产率及其分解指标总体达到DEA有效，且具有明显的时空差异特征； 粮食全要素生产率改进主要源于技术进步，而技术效率作用偏低，“单引擎”驱动特征明显； 化肥、农用机械、灌溉及支农政策对粮食全要素生产率、技术进步、技术效率均具有正向促进作用，但化肥投入对技术效率作用不显著，各因素作用强度排序为“支农政策>化肥>农业机械>灌溉”，且这些影响同样具有区域差异。［结论］提升粮食全要素生产率时要注重农业技术更要逐步提升农业技术效率，通过改革财政支农政策体系和转变要素投入结构来提升中国粮食综合生产效率。 |
| 关键词: 粮食生产效率全要素生产率技术进步技术效率DEA Tobit两步法 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F321 |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金项目“‘供给侧改革’中的粮食生产区位效率差异与产需格局优化研究”（16BJY104）； 湖北省社科基金项目“财政体制变迁、支农政策与粮食生产研究”（2017138）； 湖北省教育厅人文社科研究项目“农村劳动力转移、资本替代与农业经济效率——以湖北省为例”（18Q036）； 三峡大学社科青年项目“资源环境约束视角下宜昌地区农业增长效率与农民收入协调性研究”（KJ2016A002） |
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| ANALYSIS OF FOOD PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS IN CHINA*——VERIFICATION BASED ON MALMQUIST DEA AND TOBIT MODEL |
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Tian Hongyu1, Zhu Zhiyong2
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1.China Three Gorges University, College of Economics and Management, Yichang, Hubei 443000,China;2.Southwest University, College of Economics and Management, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study evaluated the overall performance of China′s grain production by measuring the efficiency of grain production in China, and examined the impact factors from the perspective of supporting agriculture policy and input elements. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2004 to 2016, this study used the Malmquist DEA model to measure and decompose the grain production efficiency, and the panel Tobit random effect model was used to test the influence factors. The total factor productivity (TFP) of grain production and its decomposition index during the year from 2004 to 2016 were DEA effective, and which had obvious temporal and spatial differences. The improvement of grain TFP was mainly derived from technological progress (TECH), the characteristics of "single engine" was obvious; Chemical fertilizer, agricultural machinery, irrigation and agricultural policy have positive effect on TFP, TECH and EFFCH, but the positive effect of fertilizer on EFFCH was not significant, and the intensity was classified as "agricultural policy > fertilizer > agricultural machinery > irrigation", the above effects had obvious regional differences. Therefore, in order to improve the total factor productivity of grain, it should pay more attention to agricultural technology and gradually improve the efficiency of agricultural technology, and reform the financial support system for agriculture and change the input structure of factors to improve China′s comprehensive grain production efficiency. |
| Key words: grain production efficiency total factor productivity technological progress technical efficiency DEA Tobit two step method |
