面源污染视角下江西省耕地利用效率研究

A STUDY ON EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATED LAND USE OF JIANGXI PROVINCE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF NON POINT SOURCE POLLUTION

关键词:  面源污染耕地利用效率SBM方向性距离函数耕地可持续利用江西省

Key words:  non point pollution  efficiency of cultivated land use  SBM directional distance function  sustainable utilization of cultivated land  Jiangxi province

摘要:

［目的］在面源污染视角下考察耕地利用效率，可以为推动耕地可持续利用提供理论和参考依据。［方法］文章基于2000—2014年我国13个粮食主产省（区）耕地投入产出的面板数据，运用SBM方向性距离函数将耕地面源污染因素纳入到传统的效率分析框架，从省际比较的维度对江西省耕地利用效率进行了测度与分析。［结果］考虑面源污染因素对耕地利用效率测算产生了一定的影响； 江西省耕地利用效率值呈现阶段性特征，耕地利用效率排名比较稳定，近年来排名有上升趋势； 江西省耕地利用绩效一般，且与最佳实践者存在较大的差距。［结论］忽视面源污染因素的耕地利用效率评估是失真和不符合实际的，宜将面源污染因素纳入到耕地利用效率的测度框架，以此来更科学地量化评估耕地利用绩效； 设计和完善相关政策，以有效控制耕地面源污染； 加强与先进省（区）的交流与合作，学习其农业可持续耕作技术与管理经验，进一步推动江西省耕地产出与资源、环境协调发展。

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to detect the efficiency of cultivated land use from the perspective of non point source pollution, and provide theoretical and reference basis for promoting the sustainable utilization of cultivated land. Based on the cultivated land input output panel data of 13 major grain producing areas in China from 2000 to 2014 and integrated pollution factors into traditional efficiency analysis framework, the slack based measure（SBM）directional distance function was used to calculate and analyze the efficiency of cultivated land usage in Jiangxi province. The outcomes show that non point source pollution has a certain impact on the estimation of cultivated land use efficiency measurement, the value of cultivated land use efficiency in Jiangxi province show a periodic characteristic，the ranking of cultivated land use efficiency is relatively stable, and the ranking has an upward trend in recent year. The performance of cultivated land utilization in Jiangxi province is general, but there is still a big gap with the best practitioners. Regardless of non point source pollution, the assessment of cultivated land use efficiency is distorted and unrealistic, and it is appropriate to incorporate non point source pollution into the measurement framework of cultivated land use efficiency in order to evaluate the performance of cultivated land use more scientifically and quantitatively. Design and improve relevant policies to effectively control non point source pollution of cultivated land, strengthen exchanges and cooperation with advanced provinces, learn advanced technologies and managements of sustainable farming in advanced provinces and promote the coordinated development of cultivated land output with resources and environment in Jiangxi province.