以精准农业驱动农业现代化加速现代农业数字化转型

ACCELERATING THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF MODERN AGRICULTURE BY DRIVING THE AGRICULTURAL MODERNIZATION WITH PRECISION AGRICULTURE

关键词:  精准农业数字农业数字经济农业遥感3S技术

Key words:  precision agriculture  digital agriculture  digital economy  remote sensing of agriculture  3S

摘要:

［目的］学习贯彻习近平总书记关于发展数字经济的重要论述，充分认识发展精准农业的重要性紧迫性，总结推广精准农业的成功经验和技术模式，加速我国现代农业数字化转型。［方法］文章认为精准农业是现代农业数字化转型的动力和载体，现代农业数字化转型为数字农业发展提供了关键生产要素和技术支撑。精准农业是利用现代空间信息技术，在现行农业生产方式的基础上实现农业生产精准作业的一种生产方式，通过梳理国内外精准农业发展的不同阶段，分析形成了1S、3S和5S等3个发展阶段的理论概括。［结果］（1）精准农业从技术上保障了农作物生长需求与农业生产要素投入之间的及时、定位、平衡，构建了资源节约和环境友好型的生产方式，与传统的现代农业方式相比，节约了资源、降低了成本、减少了排放，是构建绿色农业生产体系和实现农业可持续发展的根本途径。（2）农业遥感等3S空间信息技术是农业数字化的重要手段，是获取农业数据这个关键生产要素的基本路径，是数字农业发展的必由之路。（3）精准农业是农业现代化的重要表现形式，是数字农业发展的实现路径，是数字经济发展的本质要求。［结论］我国发展精准农业的基本条件已经成熟，形成了空间基础设施、农业空间数据和大数据分析系统的有利条件，需要进一步加强数字经济和数字农业知识的宣传普及，提高数字农业发展必然性的规律性认识，加强精准农业示范应用，加快构建数字农业经济体系。

Abstract:

AbstractUnder the call of General Secretary Xi Jinping on accelerating the construction of digital China and the development of digital economy, it is important and urgent to develop precision agriculture. Precision agriculture, as the basic stage of digital agriculture, has become the realization form of modern agriculture and become the fundamental means that promotes agricultural green development, which is driven by digital, networked and intelligent technologies, along with the demonstration of precision agriculture application practice at home and abroad. Precision agriculture is the driving force and carrier of the digital transformation of modern agriculture, which provides key production factors and technical support for the development of digital agriculture. This paper reviewed General Secretary Xi Jinping′s important discussion on the development of digital economy, forming a point of view that precision agriculture is a kind of production mode that using modern spatial information technology to realize precision operation of agricultural production on the basis of current agricultural production mode, and systematically summarized the significance of developing precision agriculture, introduced the preliminary practice of precision agriculture at home and abroad. On this basis, the main stages of 1S, 3S and 5S precision agriculture developmental models were analyzed, and the related issues of accelerating the development of precision agriculture were discussed. Then the major results are generated as follows. First, precision agriculture technically ensures the timely, positioning and balance between crop growth demand and input of agricultural production factors, and constructs a resource saving and environment friendly mode of production, and has been proven to save resources, reduce costs and emissions and achieve sustainable development, which compare with traditional modern agricultural methods. Second, 3S spatial information technology, such as agricultural remote sensing, is an important means of agricultural digitalization, and is the basic way to obtain agricultural data, which is the key factor of production, and is also the only way to develop digital agriculture. Finally, precision agriculture is an important manifestation of agricultural modernization, the realization path of digital agriculture development, and the essential requirement of digital economy development. The basic conditions for the development of precision agriculture in China have matured, forming favorable conditions for space infrastructure, agricultural spatial data and big data analysis systems. It is also necessary to further strengthen the publicity and popularization of digital economy and digital agriculture knowledge, improve the regular cognition of the inevitability of the development of precision agriculture. Strengthen the demonstration application of precision agriculture and accelerate the construction of a digital agricultural economic system.