1990—2014年广州市耕地功能评价分析

ANALYSIS OF CULTIVATED LAND FUNCTION EVALUATION IN GUANGZHOU CITY FROM 1990 TO 2014

关键词:  耕地多功能评价综合评价模型驱动机理广州市

Key words:  cultivated land  multifunctional evaluation  comprehensive evaluation model  driving mechanism  Guangzhou city

摘要:

［目的］我国目前处于城镇化发展和建设小康社会的重要阶段，农村耕地不可避免被大量占用，如果能将耕地的多功能性融入到新型城镇化发展中，则可以促进耕地可持续利用，同时也有效保护耕地。［方法］以广州市为例，把耕地功能分为生产功能、生态功能以及社会功能3项，选取粮食产量等10个指标构建耕地功能综合评价模型，运用熵值法确定指标权重，GIS技术为辅，同时穿插计量学等方法，对广州市农村耕地功能进行综合评价分析。［结果］近25年来，广州市耕地生产功能不断下降，从0480下降到0140，减幅较大； 生态功能波动不大，从0070减少到0064，比较平缓； 社会功能持续上升，从0032增加到0384，增幅明显。［结论］广州市的耕地功能综合得分总体处于中等水平，耕地生产功能为主转向社会功能为主，经济、人口以及政策因素是影响耕地功能的主要驱动因素。对广州市耕地功能进行评价分析能够丰富特大城市耕地功能相关研究成果，揭示经济快速发展地区耕地功能向多样化方向发展的规律。

Abstract:

At present, China is currently in an important stage of urbanization development and building a well off society, and rural land is occupied by a lot of inevitable usage. If the versatility of the cultivated land can be integrated into the new urbanization development, it can promote the sustainable utilization of cultivated land and effectively protect cultivated land. Taking Guangzhou as an example, this study divided the function of cultivated land into three parts including production function, ecological function and social function. Ten indexes, such as grain yield, were selected to construct a comprehensive evaluation model of cultivated land function. The entropy value method was used to determine the index weight, supplemented by GIS technology. Interpolation and other methods were used to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the rural cultivated land function in Guangzhou. Over the past 25 years, the cultivated land of production function has been declining in Guangzhou, from 0.480 to 0.140, with a large decrease; the ecological function has not been changed obviously, from 0.070 to 0.064, which is relatively flat; and the social function has been continued to rise, from 0.032 to 0.384, with a significant increase. The comprehensive score of cultivated land function in Guangzhou is generally in the middle level. The main function of cultivated land production is to turn to social function. Economic, population and policy factors are the main driving factors affecting the function of cultivated land. The evaluation and analysis of cultivated land function in Guangzhou can enrich the relevant research results of cultivated land function in mega cities and reveal the law of diversification of cultivated land function with rapid economic development.