湘西少数民族地区乡村旅游资源分类及评价

CLASSIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF RURAL TOURISM RESOURCES IN WESTERN HUNAN MINORITY AREAS

关键词:  湘西少数民族乡村旅游资源分类分级评价

Key words:  western Hunan  minority nationality  rural tourism  resource classification  evaluation

摘要:

［目的］对湘西少数民族地区乡村旅游资源按属性和特征进行分类，构建湘西少数民族乡村旅游资源分类体系，并对其进行评价研究，旨在对其乡村旅游的发展提供科学参考。［方法］文章采用多目标多因子评价方法并结合湘西少数民族地区旅游现状，从旅游资源要素价值、资源开发条件和社会效应3个方面构建评价指标体系，采用专家打分的方法对主要单体进行打分，定量评价乡村旅游资源的等级。［结果］凤凰古城、老司城遗址等共32处为五星级旅游资源，五星级旅游资源在全国具有代表性，有很好的观光价值、开发条件和产业带动作用，四星级旅游资源73处，优良级以上乡村旅游资源共196处，占资源单体总数的83%。［结论］湘西乡村历史文化积淀深厚，有很强的开发潜力； 乡村自然资源景观特征明显，优级旅游单体数量较多，多为国家级风景名胜区，在全国具有重要影响力和知名度； 乡村民俗类资源单体众多，包括饮食传统、节庆活动、乡土特产和乡土名人等，多为民族独有文化，具有很大旅游吸引力。

Abstract:

This study classified rural tourism resources in western Hunan minority areas according to their attributes and characteristics, constructed a classification system of rural tourism resources in western Hunan, and evaluated and studied its development in order to provide a scientific reference for the development of rural tourism. Adopting the method of multi objective, it established an evaluation index system from three aspects including the value of tourism resources, the conditions of resource development and the social effects by combing the present situation of tourism in western Hunan minority areas. Moreover, it used the method of expert scoring to grade the main monomers, and evaluated quantitatively the grade of rural tourism resources. There are a total of 32 sites in the ancient city of Phoenix and the ruins of Laosi city, which are five star tourist resources. The five star tourist resources are representative throughout the country, and have good tourism value, development conditions and industrial impetus. And there are 73 four star tourist resources and 196 rural tourism resources in the ancient city of Phoenix and the ruins of Laosi city, accounting for 833% of the total number of resources. The rural history and culture of western Hunan has a deep accumulation of history and culture, and has a strong potential for development, the rural natural resources landscape characteristics are obvious, the number of superior tourism monomers is more, most of them are national scenic spots, which have important influence and popularity in the whole country. Rural folklore resources are numerous, including food tradition, festival activities, local products and local celebrities, etc., most of them are unique to the national culture, and have great tourist attraction.