规模经营能否提高种植大户的经营效率*——以甘肃玉米种植大户为例

CAN SCALE MANAGENT IMPROVE THE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENC OF LARGE SCALE CORN PLANTER*——A CASE STUDY OF LARGE SCALE CORN PLANTERS IN GANSU

关键词:  适度规模经营投入产出经营效率DEA BCC模型玉米种植大户对比分析甘肃省

Key words:  moderate scale management  input output  management efficiency  DEA BCC model  large scale corn planters  comparative analysis  Gansu province

摘要:

［目的］适度规模经营是提高农户经营效率、实现农民增收的重要途径，对解决目前我国土地利用效率低下问题和保障粮食安全具有重要意义。［方法］文章基于甘肃省280份玉米种植大户和普通农户的微观数据，利用DEA模型，在对玉米种植大户和普通农户的综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率进行测算的基础上，对比玉米种植大户和普通农户经营效率的差异，探究规模经营能否真正提高玉米种植大户的经营效率。［结果］（1）甘肃省经营效率实现最优的玉米种植大户占比较低，大多数玉米种植大户生产效率有待提高； （2）玉米种植大户的综合效率和纯技术效率明显高于普通农户。［结论］绝大部分玉米种植大户经营效率有较大的提升和优化空间，可采取一定的措施提高种植大户的经营效率，使之不断逼近最优经营效率； 种植大户的生产力水平高于普通农户，规模经营能够提高玉米种植大户的经营效率。

Abstract:

Moderate scale management is an important way to improve the management efficiency of farmers and increase their income. It is of great significance to solve the problem of low land use efficiency and ensure food security in China. Based on the micro data from 280 large scale corn planters and ordinary planters in Gansu province, this research calculated the large scale corn planters and ordinary planter′s comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency by using DEA model. In addition, through comparing the difference of management efficiency between large scale corn planters and ordinary planters, it explored whether large scale management can really improve the management efficiency of large scale corn planter.The results are showed as follows. First, the corn planters who realize the optimal operating efficiency in Gansu province are relatively low, and generally speaking, the production capacity of the corn planters in Gansu province is not high at present. Second, the comprehensive efficiency and pure technical efficiency of large scale corn planters in Gansu province are obviously higher than that of ordinary planters. It concludes that most of large scale corn planters have relatively large improvement and optimization space, and production efficiency of large scale corn planters needs to be improved. And the productivity of large scale corn planters is higher than that of ordinary planters, and scale management can improve the management efficiency of large scale corn planters in Gansu province.