新型城镇化水平与生态环境压力脱钩关系时空差异分析*——以四川省绵阳市为例

DECOUPLING SPATIO TEMPORAL DIFFERENCE ANALYSIS OF NEW URBANIZATION LEVEL AND ECO ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE*——A CASE STUDY OF MIANYANG CITY

关键词:  新型城镇化生态环境脱钩时空差异绵阳市

Key words:  new urbanization  eco environment  decoupling  spatio temporal difference  Mianyang city

摘要:

［目的］剖析绵阳市新型城镇化与生态环境的相互关系以期对绵阳市的可持续发展提供科学的决策依据。［方法］文章从人口、经济、空间和社会城镇化4个维度选取指标构建新型城镇化水平评价指标体系； 基于“压力—状态—响应”模型从生态环境压力、水平和保护3个维度选取指标构建生态环境压力评价指标体系； 利用熵值法和线性加权法对2006—2015年绵阳市各区县的新型城镇化水平和生态环境压力进行测度，进而利用脱钩弹性系数法分析两者的脱钩关系及其时空差异。［结果］2006—2015年绵阳市新型城镇化水平总体上呈现出缓慢上升的态势，生态环境压力呈现出波动增加的态势； 2006年、2010年和2015年，绵阳市新型城镇化水平总体上呈现“一极化”态势，即涪城区新型城镇化水平远高于其他8个区县； 2006年和2015年绵阳市大部分区县的生态环境压力都较大或处于中等水平， 2010年生态环境压力较大和处于中等水平的区县主要集中分布在西北部。［结论］2006—2015年绵阳市的城市发展经历了新型城镇化水平与生态环境压力由脱钩状态为主体向脱钩与负脱钩状态并举的演变过程。研究结果对于绵阳市政府制定新型城镇化发展战略，实现城镇化与生态环境的协调发展具有重要的指导意义。

Abstract:

Analyzing the relationship between new urbanization and the eco environment is important to provide a scientific decision making basis for the sustainable development of Mianyang city. This study selected indicators from four dimensions (population, economy, space and social urbanization) to construct an evaluation index system for the new urbanization level. Based on the pressure state response (P S R) model, indicators for eco environmental pressure, level and protection were chosen to create an evaluation index system for eco environmental pressure. Entropy and linear weighting methods were used to measure the new urbanization level and eco environmental pressure of each district and county of Mianyang city from 2006 to 2015, following which the decoupling elasticity coefficient method was adopted to analyze the decoupling relationship and spatio temporal difference between the new urbanization level and eco environmental pressure. The evaluation results showed that the new urbanization level of Mianyang city presented a slow but continuous rising trend in 2006-2015, whereas the eco environmental pressure revealed a fluctuating increasing trend. In 2006, 2010 and 2015, the new urbanization levels presented a trend of "one polarization" generally, which meant the level of Fucheng district was much higher than that of the other 8 districts and counties in Mianyang city. In 2006 and 2015, the eco environmental pressures of most districts and counties in Mianyang city were at a high or moderate level. In 2010, the districts and counties with high and moderate eco environmental pressures in Mianyang city were mainly distributed in the northwest part. From 2006 to 2015, the new urbanization level and eco environmental pressure of Mianyang city evolved from the dominant decoupling state to the decoupling negative decoupling state. These research results can guide the government of Mianyang city in formulating new urbanization development strategies and facilitate the realization of coordinated development of urbanization and the eco environment.