乡村振兴背景下渔业产业的成本效益和价值链研究*——以山东省扇贝产业为例

STUDY ON THE COST BENEFIT AND VALUE CHAIN OF FISHERY INDUSTRY UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF RURAL REVITALIZATION*—— A CASE STUDY OF SCALLOP INDUSTRY IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

关键词:  乡村振兴山东省渔业产业成本效益价值链

Key words:  rural revitalization  Shandong province  fishery industry  cost effectiveness  value chain

摘要:

［目的］党的十九大提出乡村振兴战略，推进乡村产业振兴，实现“产业兴旺”，成为乡村振兴战略的实施要点。为谋求渔业产业的长远、健康和可持续发展，有必要从整体上重新审视产业领域各个环节存在的问题，探寻影响各环节价值增值的因素。［方法］综合运用成本效益和价值链的分析方法，以山东省扇贝产业为例，对渔业产业的成本、效益和价值链增值情况进行计算分析。［结果］成本效益分析显示该地区贝类产业整体效益较差、单位产值低、成本上升快。其价值链特征主要是，产业链节点增值率呈先增长后降低的“倒U型”趋势，价值增值主要在养殖环节，加工环节增值率低。［结论］渔业产业的成本效益是渔民增收和产业持续发展的关键，价值链越完整则渔业产业发展的基础越雄厚。为推动渔业产业的长远、健康和可持续发展，应从创新营销、适度规模经营、产业品牌保护和延伸价值链等方面采取措施加强管理。

Abstract:

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the strategy of rural revitalization, promote the revitalization of rural industries, and achieve "industrial prosperity", and become the main points of implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy. In order to seek long term, healthy and sustainable development of fishery industry, it is necessary to reexamine the existing problems in all sectors of the industry and explore the factors that affect the value added of each link. Taking scallop industry in Shandong as an example, this study analyzed the cost, benefit and value chain value chain of the fishery industry by adopting comprehensive application of cost Benefit and value chain analysis method. Cost benefit analysis showed that the shellfish industry in this area had poor overall efficiency, unit output value was low and cost rose rapidly.The value chain was mainly characterized by the "inverted U shaped" trend in which the value added rate of the industrial chain was first increased and then decreased. The value added was mainly in the breeding sector, and the value added rate in the processing chain was low. The cost and benefit of fishery industry is the key to increasing fishermen′s income and sustainable development of industry. The more complete the value chain, the stronger the foundation of fishery industry development. In order to promote the long term, healthy and sustainable development of the fishery industry, measures should be taken to strengthen management from the aspects of innovative marketing, moderate scale management, industrial brand protection and extension value chain.