桂北地区乡村聚落空间演变特征及格局优化

SPATIAL EVOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND PATTERN OPTIMIZATION OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN THE NORTH OF GUANGXI

关键词:  乡村聚落空间演变优化核密度估计法桂北地区

Key words:  rural settlement  spatial evolution  optimization  nuclear density estimation method  northern Guangxi

摘要:

［目的］由于新型城镇化的不断深入，中国传统乡村聚落空间演变加剧并面临重构，研究桂北地区乡村聚落空间演变特征，为丰富乡村聚落的市域空间格局地理信息系统，以及对广西乡村发展和乡村聚落的转型提供理论参考和实践借鉴。［方法］采用核密度估计法及GIS空间分析方法，以2001年、2006年、2011年、2016年为时间节点，对表征乡村聚落空间规模的聚落人口密度进行测算与分析，通过对比分析确定桂北地区近15年乡村聚落在空间上的演变特征。［结果］（1）2001—2016年桂北地区乡村聚落分布密度总体呈下降趋势，且下降遵循“由西向东”的规律，即西部地区分布密度先下降，继而中部地区下降，最后是东部地区分布密度下降； （2）聚落的分布特点由全区域范围内规模分布趋向于集中分布，最终呈“C”状集中分布在东部地区，即桂林和贺州两市。［结论］桂北地区乡村聚落空间格局存在聚落密度依然较大、乡村建设“重西部，轻东部”、演化周期长的问题。基于此提出优化策略：优化桂北地区乡村聚落空间格局，密度升“级”； 加强“C”区建设； 优先建设小城镇，促进就地城镇化。

Abstract:

As new urbanization continues to deepen, the spatial evolution of China′s traditional rural settlements has been intensified and is undergoing reconstruction. This research studied the spatial evolution characteristics of rural settlements in the northern Guangxi region, so as to enrich the urban spatial pattern of rural settlements and geographic information systems, and provide theoretical reference and practical reference for the transformation of development and rural settlement in the Guangxi rural areas. Taking the 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 as time nodes, it used the nuclear density estimation method and GIS spatial analysis method to measure and analyze the settlement population density that characterizes the spatial scale of rural settlements. Moreover, it determined the characteristics of the evolution of rural settlements in space for 15 years by comparative analysis. (1) From 2001 to 2016, the distribution density of rural settlements in the north of Guangxi showed a decreasing trend, and the decline followed the pattern of "from west to east", the distribution density in the western region first decreased, then the central region decreased, and finally the eastern region. The distribution density decreases; (2) The distribution characteristics of settlements tend to be concentrated by the scale distribution in the whole region, and finally they are distributed in the eastern region in the "C" shape, namely Guilin City and Hezhou City. The spatial pattern of rural settlements in northern Guangxi has the problem of large settlement density, the emphasis on rural development and western development, and the long evolution cycle.Based on this basis put forward optimization strategies:optimizing the spatial pattern of rural settlements in northern Guangxi, and increasing the density of "grading"; strengthening " The construction of the "C" zone; giving priority to the construction of small towns and promoting urbanization on the spot.