小规模农户购买农业保险意愿影响因素的综合分析*

COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS ON INFLUENCING FACTORS OF SMALLHOLDER′S WILLINGNESS TO PURCHASE AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE

关键词:  农户购买农业保险意愿影响因素农业保险认知农业保险业务

Key words:  farmers  willingness to purchase agricultural insurance  influencing factors  awareness of agriculture insurance  agriculture insurance service

摘要:

［目的］小规模农户是我国农业生产经营的重要主体，是各种农业生产灾害的承灾主体，迫切需要通过农业保险增强其抵御和防范农业生产灾害风险的能力。但小规模农户购买农业保险意愿低的问题仍普遍存在。因此，拟在整理关于我国农户购买农业保险意愿的影响因素的调查研究的文献信息的基础上，综合分析制约我国小规模农户购买农业保险意愿的重要因素。［方法］首先按照严格的筛选标准，确定105篇文献为研究基础文献样本； 其次，逐篇采集文献信息，筛选显著影响因素指标，建立数据库，并按照全国和东部、中部、西部、东北的区域划分进行数据统计； 最后，对各个指标的统计结果进行分析，并提出相关政策建议。［结果］农户购买农业保险意愿问题越来越受重视， 2015年后进入相关研究的井喷发展时期。研究的产品主要集中在种植业，包括大田作物、经济作物。显著影响指标包括户主受教育程度、农业收入占家庭年收入比重、农户对灾害风险的了解程度、灾害发生及影响产量频度、农户对农业保险的了解程度、农户对农业保险作用大小的认识、农业保险服务质量、是否有政府救灾补贴、政府承担保费水平等。各区域的影响因素趋势与全国区域趋势基本一致，没有明显差别。［结论］基于主要影响因素的分析，提出完善农业保险和惠农金融的法律法规并加强监管，加强宣传教育提高农户对农业保险的认知，提高农业保险的产品质量和服务质量等建议。

Abstract:

Agricultural smallholders, in China, play very important roles in farming and face various risks during farming activity. They should have more needs in agricultural insurance to avoid risks, but they don′t. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine the critical factors governing the willing of agricultural smallholders to purchase agricultural insurance on the basis of literature information analysis. First, we selected 105 literatures with strict selection criteria. Second, we established database by collecting information from literatures one by one, and then selected and counted the numbers of significant indicators in the sample literatures according to the national, eastern, central, western and northeastern regions. Third, we analyzed these influencing factors and made policy proposal. After 2015, the number of literature publications increased explosively, which shows farmers′ willingness to purchase agricultural insurance has been paid more and more attention. The agricultural insurance products are mainly concentrated in planting industry, including field crops and cash crops. The significant influencing factors are like these, including level of education, agriculture income accounted for the proportion of household income, the awareness degree of farmers on disaster risk, disaster frequency and impact on yield, farmers′ understanding of the agricultural insurance and its influences, agricultural insurance service quality, whether to have the government relief subsidies, the percentage of premiums paid by the government and so on. The influencing factors in each region have no obvious difference comparing with the whole country. Based on the analysis of the main influencing factors, this paper puts forward suggestions, such as perfecting the laws and regulations of agricultural insurance and finance, improving farmers′ understanding of agricultural insurance by publicizing education, improving the product quality and service quality of agricultural insurance and so on.