土地流转：弱转入土地意愿的博弈分析

GAME ANALYSIS OF THE WEAK TRANSFERENCE OF FAMILY FARMLAND TO LAND

关键词:  农户家庭农场土地流转博弈弱转入土地意愿

Key words:  farmers  family farm  land transfer  game analysis  weak willingness to transfer to land

摘要:

［目的］我国土地制度的施行使得农户拥有较多小块土地，家庭农场实现连片规模经营的前提是获得规模连片土地，家庭农场与农户进行土地流转协商时，农户将土地流转给家庭农场的意愿如何值得探讨。因此本文研究目的是对家庭农场实现规模连片生产提出建议，期望家庭农场实现规模化经营。［方法］博弈分析法。［结果］家庭农场存在从农户手中转入土地困难，转入土地意愿不强的现象，家庭农场弱转入土地意愿的根源在于土地租金过低、农户转出土地净利润过低、实际转入土地意愿过低。［结论］由此文章提出了3点建议：（1）尝试“确权不确地，确地不确人”的确权政策（2）创建农村土地经营权流转信息平台，建立农村土地流转交易所（3）工商资本下乡租田的做法需谨慎。

Abstract:

Affected by the existing land system, farmers have many small plots of land in China. However, the premise of connected scale management in family farms is to acquire a large amount of land that connects each other. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss farmers′ willingness to transfer land to family farms when they negotiate on land transfer. The purpose of this study is to provide suggestions for realizing connected scale production in family farms, with a view to helping achieve scale management in family farms. Using game theory analysis, this study found that family farms met such challenges as difficulty in acquiring land from farmers and insufficient willingness of farmers to transfer land. And the root causes of the challenges were excessively low land rent, excessively low net profit that farmers got from transferring land, and excessively low willingness to transfer land in reality. Finally, this study puts forward three suggestions as follows. Firstly, a new policy for ownership affirmation can be implemented, namely farmers have the rights to own rural collective land rather than a specific plot of land, and rural collective land shall be uniformly operated by rural collective economic organizations. Secondly, the government can create an information platform for transferring the rights of operating rural land and establish an exchange for rural land transfer. Thirdly, the government should hold a prudential attitude towards introducing industrial and commercial capital into rural land leasing.