基于三阶段DEA Windows的主产区粮食生产效率评价

EVALUATION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN THE MAIN PRODUCTION AREA BASED ON THE THREE STAGE DEA WINDOWS

关键词:  主产区外生环境变量三阶段DEA DEA Windows粮食生产效率

Key words:  the main producing areas  exogenous environmental variables  three stage DEA  DEA Windows  grain production efficiency

摘要:

［目的］在耕地面积有限、城镇化高速发展的背景下，合理评价粮食生产效率、认清粮食生产现状、探索提高粮食生产效率的有效途径具有重要的理论和现实意义。［方法］基于2006—2015年主产区13个省域数据，采用三阶段DEA和DEA Windows相结合的方法，既关注外部环境对粮食生产效率的影响，又注重主产区各省在粮食生产效率上的动态演变规律，从而更加精准地对粮食生产效率进行评价。［结果］外生环境变量对粮食生产效率有显著影响，其中，受灾面积和地区经济发展水平的提高会阻碍粮食生产效率，而人均耕地面积对粮食生产效率有促进作用； 剔除环境影响后主产区的粮食生产效率发生了较大变化，江苏省和河南省成为粮食生产效率最高的省份，除黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古等省份的粮食生产效率有不同程度的下降外，其余省份的粮食生产效率均有所提升； 从剥离环境影响后的区域效率分布情况来看，主产区粮食生产效率呈现出从中部地区向东西两边逐级递减的趋势，但就其自身发展而言，西部地区的粮食生产效率增长速度最快，区域差距正在逐步缩小，主产区内部的粮食生产效率演变处于收敛过程中，但需要注意的是，区域内部各省份之间的粮食生产效率仍存在较大差异； ［结论］三阶段DEA Windows模型能更真实地反映主产区的粮食生产效率水平，应结合地方实际，有侧重的制定效率提升策略。

Abstract:

It has great theoretical and practical significance to reasonably evaluate the efficiency of grain production, recognize the current situation of grain production, and explore effective ways to improve grain production efficiency against the background of limited cultivable area and rapid development of urbanization. Based on the data of 13 provinces in the main producing areas from 2006 to 2015, this research adopted the methods of the three stage DEA and DEA Windows, which not only paid attention to the influence of external environment on grain production efficiency, but also to the dynamic variation rules of the grain production in the major producing areas, so as to evaluate the efficiency of grain production more accurately. The results revealed that exogenous environmental variables had marked impact on grain production efficiency. In the case，the increasing of disaster areas and economic development hindered the efficiency of grain production, while the per capita area of cultivated farmland promoted the efficiency of grain production; the grain production efficiency of the main producing areas had undergone larger changes after statistical adjustment for environmental impact. Jiangsu province and Henan province had become the provinces with the highest grain production efficiency. Except for the grain production efficiency in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Inner Mongolia had decreased at different degrees，the grain production efficiency in the remaining provinces had been improved. From the perspective of the regional efficiency distribution after statistical adjustment for environmental impact, the grain production efficiency of the major producing areas showed a trend of decreasing from the central regions to the east and the west, but in terms of its own development, the western regions were the fastest growing, the regional gaps were gradually narrowing, and the evolution of grain production efficiency within the major producing areas was in the process of convergence. However, it should be noted that there is still a large difference in grain production efficiency among the provinces within the region. The three stage DEA Windows model can more accurately reflect the level of food production efficiency in the main producing areas, so it should concentrate on formulating efficiency improvement strategies according to the local realities.