1960—2009年间河南省≥0℃和≥10℃活动积温时空变化

SPATIO TEMPORAL CHARACTERS OF ≥0℃ AND ≥10℃ ACCUMULATED TEMPERATURES FROM 1960 TO 2009 IN HENAN PROVINCE

关键词:  活动积温气候变化时空格局GIS空间分析河南省

Key words:  active accumulated temperature  climate change  spatial and temporal pattern  spatial analysis based on GIS  Henan province

摘要:

［目的］活动积温是农业气候资源评价最重要、最普遍的指标之一。利用1960—2009年河南省17个气象站点的逐日均温数据，研究1960—2009年河南省≥0℃和≥10℃活动积温时空变化。［方法］运用5日滑动平均法计算≥0℃和≥10℃积温； 基于GIS平台进行空间插值，点面结合地研究了两种活动积温的时空变化特征。［结果］（1）总体变化格局上，1960—2009年河南省≥0℃和≥10℃积温都呈上升趋势，前者年均值5 226℃、增加013%/年、振荡周期4年，后者年均4 6585℃、增加022%/年、振荡周期3年； （2）代际变化上，≥0℃和≥10℃积温变化趋势相似，均以2000年为界，之前基本没有明显变化，而之后则发生较显著增加趋势，均呈自南而北的增大态势； （3）在空间格局上，虽然两种活动积温都展示着西低东高、北低南高的趋向，但≥10℃积温的趋势更加明显； （4）两种活动积温的代际数值均与纬度和海拔呈显著负相关。［结论］河南省活动积温的区域分异特征与其他地区相比存在明显差异，但其活动积温代际变化区域特征与其他省区相比存在相似之处。

Abstract:

Active accumulated temperature is one of the most common and important evaluation indicators of agricultural climatic resources. Utilizing the daily mean temperature data from seventeen meteorological stations in Henan province from 1960 to 2009, this research used 5 days moving average method to calculate two kinds of active accumulated temperatures including ≥0℃ and ≥10℃. Basing on the GIS platform for spatial interpolation, this research studied the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of two kinds of active accumulated temperatures. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, on the whole change pattern, both kinds of active accumulated temperature were experienced upward trends, annual average of the former was 5 226℃, and 0.13%/year increasing, four years of the oscillating period. The latter of annual average was 4 659℃, and 0.22%/year increasing, three years of oscillating period. Secondly, on the temporal pattern, the change trends of them were similar, taking the year of 2000 as the boundary, i.e., there was no obvious change before 2000 while they changed significantly after 2000, and both rising trends from south to north on the characteristics of regional differentiation. Both the temperature increasing induced by global warming and the strengthening of warming trend in the late winter or early spring may be the main reasons. Thirdly, on the spatial pattern, although these active accumulated temperatures both showed the trend of low in western or northern and high in eastern or southern, the accumulated temperature of ≥10℃ is more obvious. Fourthly, the numerical values of these two active accumulated temperatures both showed negative correlation with latitude and altitude. Compared with other regions or provinces, the results of the study show that there are obvious differences in the regional differentiation characteristics of active accumulated temperatures in Henan province, but these both active accumulated temperature varies with the characteristics of intergenerational changes.