西南贫困地区乡村性变化与乡村转型耦合协调关系研究

RESEARCH ON COUPLING COORDINATION BETWEEN RURALITY′S CHANGE AND RURAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE POOR VILLAGES IN SOUTHWEST CHINA

关键词:  乡村性变化乡村转型耦合协调关系空间特征西南贫困地区

Key words:  rurality′s change  rural transformation  coupling coordination  spatial characteristics  Southwest China

摘要:

［目的］随着我国脱贫攻坚、美丽乡村建设、乡村振兴战略的深入推进，乡村性变化、乡村转型发展成为近年学术研究的热点，但关于乡村性变化与乡村转型发展耦合关系尚少有研究。［方法］以西南地区267个国家级贫困县为研究对象，通过建立乡村性与乡村转型发展评价指标体系，采用优化后的熵权法和ESDA方法，研究2015年相对于2005年西南地区贫困县乡村性和乡村转型的空间变化特征； 并选择耦合协调度模型探讨乡村转型发展与乡村性的耦合协调关系。［结果］2015年相对于2005年，研究区乡村性变化值在-0454 4~-0047 8之间变动，乡村性变化值较大的县域分布于研究区东北部的四川盆地周边低山丘陵和平行岭谷地形区，以及云贵高原的滇中、黔中与城市邻近县域； 各县域乡村转型度值在0190 0~0646 9之间变化，按照转型度由低到高可以分5级，其中，乡村转型度较低（Ⅱ级）和乡村转型度中等（Ⅲ级）的县域分布广泛； 乡村转型与乡村性变化的耦合协调度值在-0736 3~-0339 8之间变化，耦合协调类型的空间差异比较明显，有4个县域属于拮抗不协调类型，大多数县域属于低级或中级耦合协调类型。［结论］西南贫困地区乡村性变化和乡村转型发展度在空间分布上与研究区自然地理环境及区位条件的分异大体吻合，地势平缓、区位条件较好县域的乡村性变化、乡村转型度、耦合协调水平整体优于地理条件较差县域。应根据耦合协调发展差异，因地因时制宜强化乡村产业发展、完善基础与公共服务设施，增强区域发展能力建设。

Abstract:

China is implementing the strategy of poverty alleviation, beautiful rural construction and rural revitalization. In recent years, rurality′s change and rural transformation development are becoming hot spots of academic research. But there is still little research on the coupling coordination relationship between rurality′s change and rural transformation development. The research objects are 267 impoverished counties in southwest China. By establishing the evaluation index system of rural character and rural transformation development, and adopting the optimized entropy weight method and ESDA method, the spatial variation characteristics about rurality and rural transformation of 2015 compared to 2005 were studied. And the research selected the coupling coordination degree model to explore the coupling coordination relationship between rural transformation and rural development. Compared with 2005, the rurality′s change value of the study area in 2015 was between -0.454 4 and -0.047 8. The counties with large rural variation values were distributed in the low hill and parallelism valley around the Sichuan basin in the northeast of the study area, as well as the counties in central Yunnan, central Guizhou and adjacent to the city in Yunnan Guizhou plateau. The rural transformation degree of each county was between 0.190 0 and 0.646 9. According to the degree of transformation from low to high, it could be divided into 5 levels, rural transformation degree of lower degree (Ⅱ level) and medium degree (Ⅲ level) counties distributed widely in the research area. The coupling coordination degree of rural transformation and rural change varied from -0.736 3 to -0.339 8, and the spatial difference of the coupling coordination type was relatively obvious, with 4 counties belonging to the antagonistic incoordination type, and most of them belonged to the low level or intermediate coupling coordination type. The results show that the spatial distribution of rurality′s change in southwest China is basically consistent with the differentiation of natural geographical environment and location conditions of the study area. The degree of rural transformation and development is shown in the space that the counties with gently topography, location conditions are superior to the counties with poor geographic conditions. According to the differences in coupling and coordinated development, we should strengthen the development of rural industries, improve infrastructure and public service facilities, and strengthen the construction of regional development capacity.