重庆市乡村旅游空间分布特征及优化评价

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND OPTIMIZATION EVALUATION OF RURAL TOURISM IN CHONGQING

关键词:  乡村旅游空间分布优化评价重庆市

Key words:  countryside tourism  spatial distribution  optimization  evaluation  Chongqing

摘要:

［目的］探讨乡村旅游的空间分布特征对于优化乡村旅游空间格局具有重要意义，对其进行分析评价，有利于完善区域旅游资源，进而促进其均衡发展。［方法］以重庆市为研究对象，通过最邻近指数分析其乡村旅游景点空间分布特征，采用层析分析法对其乡村旅游进行评价，根据结果提出相应优化措施。［结果］（1）重庆市都市区的最邻近指数最高为0814，其次为渝东北生态涵养发展区为0735，城市发展新区为0697； 渝东南生态保护发展区为0402，可以看出重庆市乡村旅游空间分布总体上呈凝聚分布； （2）重庆市乡村旅游优化评价指标中旅游资源、道路设施、生态环境和综合管理的权重分别是0357 1，0253 6,0230 1和0159 2，得分大于70分以上包括乡村森林覆盖率、公路的便捷性、乡村气候舒适度、保障机制、经济水平、游客容量和客源条件，其他指标得分低于70分，包括服务中心数量、乡村旅游专线、乡村空气质量、农民拥有的道路面积密度、乡村公路等级、文化价值和管理者素质，这些也是重庆市急需优化的方面。［结论］整体上重庆市乡村旅游综合管理水平相对落后，应加强该方面的投入和管理，促进乡村旅游的协调发展。

Abstract:

Exploring the spatial distribution characteristics of rural tourism is of great significance to optimizing the spatial pattern of rural tourism. Analysis and evaluation of rural tourism are effective in improving regional tourism resources and further promoting its balanced development. Taking Chongqing as the research object, the spatial distribution characteristics of rural tourist attractions were analyzed by the nearest neighbor index, and the rural tourism was evaluated by means of tomographic analysis. According to the results, the corresponding optimization measures were proposed. The results were showed as follows. The highest neighboring index in the Chongqing metropolitan area was 0.814, followed by 0.735 in the ecological conservation development zone in the northeast, and 0.697 in the new urban development zone; and the ecological protection development zone in the southeastern Yunnan was 0.402. It indicated that the spatial distribution of the rural tourism in Chongqing was generally presented cohesion and distribution. The weights of tourism resources, road facilities, ecological environment, and comprehensive management in the evaluation index of rural tourism in Chongqing were 0.357 1，0.253 6，0.230 1，and 0.159 2, respectively. Scores greater than 70 or more were these indexes, such as rural forest coverage, highway convenience, rural climate comfort, security mechanism, economic level, tourist capacity and tourist source conditions, and other indicators scored below 70 points, including the number of service centers, rural tourism lines, rural air quality, road area density owned by farmers, and grades of rural roads. Cultural values and managers′ qualities were urgently needed to be optimized by Chongqing government. Overall, the comprehensive management level of rural tourism in Chongqing is relatively backward, and investment and management should be strengthened, so as to promote the coordinated development of rural tourism.