基于GIS的合肥市耕地地力评价

RESEARCH ON EVALUATION OF CULTIVATED LAND PRODUCTIVITY OF HEFEI CITY BASED ON GIS

关键词:  耕地地力评价合肥地理信息系统（GIS）

Key words:  cultivated land  fertility evaluation  Hefei  Geographic Information System (GIS)

摘要:

为查清合肥市耕地质量状况。［方法］利用GIS技术和县域耕地资源管理信息系统（CLRMIS）等软件，从耕地的立地条件、剖面组成、土壤理化性状、土壤管理4个方面选取14个评价因子，采用特尔斐法确定评价因子的权重和隶属函数对耕地地力进行综合性评价。［结果］合肥市耕地地力分五个等级，一，二，三，四，五等地面积分别占总耕地面积的1485%，3147%，3500%，1024%和843%。［结论］一，二等地主要分布在巢湖市、庐江县和肥西县，主要是水田，地貌类型以平原、平畈冲田和台地为主，少数地区存在黏磐层障碍层，灌溉排涝能力较强；三，四，五等地主要分布在肥东县和长丰县，地形部位主要是中坡地、平畈冲田、陡坡地和塝田，耕层质地主要是重壤和中壤，障碍层类型为黏磐层和砂砾层，灌溉排涝能力较低，土壤养分含量与一，二等地相比有所下降；合肥市耕地土壤有机质、有效磷和速效钾的平均含量均处于中等水平，其中巢湖市的有机质平均含量最高，肥西县有效磷和速效钾平均含量最高。

Abstract:

In order to find out the quality of cultivated land in Hefei City, 14 evaluation factors were selected from the four aspects of site conditions, profile composition, soil physical and chemical properties, and soil management, this research determined the weights and membership functions of the evaluation factors to comprehensively evaluate the farmland fertility by using the Delphi method, GIS technology and county level arable land resource management information system (CLRMIS) software. The results of the study showed that the land fertility of Hefei city was divided into five grades. The area of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth places respectively accounted for 14.85%, 31.47%, 35.00%, 10.24%, and 8.43% of the total cultivated area. The first and second places are mainly distributed in Chaohu, Lujiang and Feixi counties, mainly in the paddy fields. The main landforms are plain, flushing and tableland. In a few areas there is an obstacle layer of the clay layer and the ability of irrigation and drainage is stronger. The third, fourth, and fifth places are mainly distributed in Feidong and Changfeng counties. The main topographic sites are the middle slope land, the flushing field, the steep slope and the middle soil. The plough layer is mainly heavy soil and middle soil, the barrier layer is the clay rock layer and the gravel layer, the irrigation and drainage ability is low, and the soil nutrient content have decreased compared with those in the first and second places. The average content of soil organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium in cultivated land in Hefei is at the middle level, of which the average content of organic matter in Chaohu is the highest, and the average content of available phosphorus and available potassium in Feixi county is the highest