农业项目运用PPP模式的困境及对策研究

STUDY ON THE PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF APPLYING THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS（PPP）IN AGRICULTURAL PROJECTS

关键词:  农业项目PPP内涵困境政策建议

Key words:  agricultural project  PPP  connotation  dilemma  policy and suggestion

摘要:

［目的］PPP模式是近几年兴起的一种投融资模式，政府资本和社会资本通过利益共享，风险共担的互利互惠合作关系，可以充分调动社会闲置资本，实现资源的优化配置，加速基础设施建设进程，谋求社会公众福利的最大化。［方法］文章通过梳理政策性文件，结合农业项目自身公益性强、投资回报慢、发展潜力大的特点，分析阐释了在农业项目中运用PPP模式的困境及对策。［结果］农业项目运用PPP模式能够有效解决财政资金不足与农业基础设施建设资金需求巨大之间的矛盾，能够充分利用社会闲置资金用于公共服务与产品的供给，同时为私人部门提供一定的投资回报，是一种高效的政府和私人部门合作的模式。［结论］由于我国目前的农业PPP项目尚处于起步阶段，相关政策制度、服务理念不够完善，导致现有农业项目在运行过程中出现了一些问题，严重影响了公共服务的供给质量。对此，该文从制度安排、体系完善、融资模式、人才培养等方面提出了一些政策建议，以期推动我国农业PPP项目早日走上规范发展的快车道。

Abstract:

PPP (Public Private Partnership) is a newly developed financing pattern in which public and private sectors work together through partnership, investing jointly in certain projects, sharing either profits or risks from the projects. The pattern is helpful to attract private capitals into public sectors, optimize resources distribution, speed up infrastructure construction, and be beneficial for the whole society. This study made a comprehensive review on policies relating to PPP in China, described the difficulties faced by agricultural projects that were in PPP pattern. The difficulties were resulted from the characteristics of agricultural project, which mainly focused on public welfare with large potential but slow return of investment. Though PPP was an effective way to utilize private capitals for public welfare, balance the gap between huge demand of infrastructural investment and limited public financial resources, agricultural PPP was still in its early stage in China. More efforts such as policy formulation, administration improvement, financing pattern, personal training, etc. need to be made to promote PPP move on smoothly into agricultural projects in China.