华北地区休闲型农业园区空间分布特征及影响因素分析

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF LEISURE AGRICULTURE PARKS IN NORTH CHINA

关键词:  休闲农业空间分布GIS影响因素AHP华北地区

Key words:  leisure agriculture  spatial distribution  GIS  influencing factor  AHP  North China

摘要:

［目的］近几年，华北地区休闲农业发展取得长足进展，研究其空间基本分布特征，剖析其发展影响因素，对把握其休闲农业分布现状，找准发展华北地区休闲农业关键入手点具有重要意义。［方法］以2012—2017年华北地区评定的680个休闲农业园区（企业）为样本，采用地理信息系统（GIS）对休闲型农业园区的空间分布特征进行简要分析，并利用层次分析法（AHP）探究华北地区休闲型农业发展的影响因素。［结果］（1）华北地区休闲型农业园区呈集聚分布，且集中分布程度极高，空间分布不均衡，主要集中分布在北京，其次为天津、河北、山西，内蒙古分布最少； （2）影响华北地区休闲型农业发展排名前3位的因素是公路密度、农林牧渔业总产值、城镇居民可支配收入； （3）目前城镇居民生活水平显著提高，游客消费水准已成为影响休闲型农业产业发展的重要要因素但并非决定性因子。［结论］休闲型农业是一个新产业，影响华北地区休闲农业发展的重要因素还是政府以及投资者，游客的可意愿度、经济能力已经不是休闲型农业产业发展的决定性因素。要发展休闲农业产业要从增加对投资者的政策导向以及增加园区（企业）的可到达性，将公路密度适当向郊区拓展入手。

Abstract:

In recent years, the development of leisure agriculture in North China has made great progress, studying its basic spatial distribution characteristics and profoundly analyzing its development influencing factors, grasping the current status of its leisure agriculture distribution, and identifying the key points for developing leisure agriculture in North China, which has of great significance. Taking 680 leisure agricultural parks (enterprises) assessed by provincial and provincial agricultural departments in North China from 2012 to 2017 as samples, the spatial distribution characteristics of leisure agricultural parks were analyzed and utilized by geographic information system (GIS). And Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) deeply explores the influencing factors of leisure agriculture development in North China. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, the leisure agricultural parks in North China were concentrated and distributed, and the distribution was extremely high. The spatial distribution was uneven, mainly concentrated in Beijing, followed by Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, and Inner Mongolia. Secondly, the top three factors impacting the development of leisure agriculture in North China were road density, total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and disposable income of urban residents. Finally, the current living standards of urban residents had significantly improved, and the level of tourist consumption had become important factors affecting the development of leisure agriculture industry, but it was not decisive factors. Leisure agriculture is a new industry. The important factors affecting the development of leisure agriculture in North China are the government and investors. The willingness and economic ability of tourists are not the decisive factors for the development of leisure agriculture industry. To develop the leisure agriculture industry, it is necessary to increase the policy orientation of investors and increase the accessibility of the parks (enterprises), and expand the road density to the suburbs.