江西省乡村聚落空间分布及评价

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND EVALUATION OF RURAL SETTLEMENT IN JIANGXI PROVINCE

关键词:  江西省乡村聚落空间分布乡村振兴乡村文化

Key words:  Jiangxi province  rural settlement  space distribution  rural revitalization  rural culture

摘要:

［目的］通过江西省乡村聚落发展及演变现状对其空间分布特征进行研究，并从乡村聚落发展优化的角度提出具体建议，对江西省乡村振兴战略实施具有重要的借鉴意义。［方法］运用GIS102操作平台对江西省乡村聚落空间分布情况以乡村聚落密度、乡村规模以及人口密度进行空间等级划分，通过计算最临近点指数、地理集中指数和地理联系率分析其空间分布特征。［结果］江西省市域和县域内的乡村聚落在乡村规模、人口密度以及聚落分布密度上存在较大差异，分布呈现不均衡的特点，且与经济发展和人口密度在空间上的均衡、配合程度较高。［结论］(1)江西省乡村聚落分布密度在空间上存在较大差异，形成以南昌市为中心，包含宜春市、萍乡市和上饶市大部分县域的北部密集区，主要为北部赣江流域下游平原和鄱阳湖平原地区，抚州市南部和赣州市大部分区域乡村聚落分布密度较小； (2)江西省乡村聚落在空间上整体呈集聚型分布且分布不均衡的特点； (3)其乡村规模较大的聚落多分布在上饶、赣州、九江和宜春等地，反映出江西省丘陵区和山地区的乡村聚落规模较大。

Abstract:

Based on the development and evolution of rural settlements in Jiangxi province, this paper studies the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements, and puts forward specific suggestion from the perspective of rural settlement development optimization, which is of great significance for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy in Jiangxi province. By using GIS10.2 operating platform, the spatial distribution of rural settlements in Jiangxi province was divided into rural settlement density, rural scale and population density. The nearest point index, the spatial distribution characteristics of geographical concentration index and geographical connection rate were calculated to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics. There were great differences in the rural scale, population density and settlement distribution density between the urban and county areas of Jiangxi province, and the distribution showed the characteristics of imbalance, and the equilibrium with the economic development and the population density in space, and the degree of coordination was higher. The distribution density of rural settlements in Jiangxi province is quite different in space, forming a dense area in the north of most counties in Yichun, Pingxiang and Shangrao, with Nanchang as the center, including Yichun city, Pingxiang city and Shangrao city. The distribution density of rural settlements in the south of Fuzhou and most areas of Ganzhou is relatively small, and the rural settlements in Jiangxi province show the characteristics of agglomeration and uneven distribution in space, and the distribution of rural settlements in the south of Fuzhou and in most regions of Ganzhou is relatively small. The large rural settlements in Shangrao, Ganzhou, Jiujiang and Yichun areas reflect the large scale of rural settlements in the hilly and mountainous areas of Jiangxi province.