兵团棉花目标价格补贴政策实施情况调查研究*——基于第一师的问卷调查

INVESTIGATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION FOR TARGET PRICE SUBSIDY POLICY OF XINJIANG PRODUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION CORPS*——BASED ON THE QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY OF THE FIRST DIVISION OF XPCC

关键词:  兵团棉花目标价格补贴政策第一师

Key words:  Xinjiang production and construction corps  cotton  target price  subsidy policy  first division

摘要:

［目的］新疆生产建设兵团（以下简称兵团）是我国棉花主产区，稳定兵团棉花生产对全疆乃至全国具有重要的战略意义； 为此， 2014年国家在新疆棉区率先实施棉花目标价格补贴试点。为了解兵团棉花目标价格补贴政策试点成效及存在问题,以优化棉花目标价格补贴政策。［方法］以兵团第一师为例，实地调查第一师棉花目标价格补贴政策实施情况，并依据样本区棉农对棉花目标价格补贴政策的响应做了分析。［结果］认为当前兵团棉花目标价格补贴政策试点成效较好，实施目标价格补贴政策稳定了兵团棉花生产，促进了棉花品质提升，保障了棉农增收，加快了行业优化升级，恢复了市场活力； 但棉花目标价格补贴依据、方式和金额及政策实施还存在不足。［结论］为优化棉花目标价格补贴政策，提出应加大宣传力度并明确价格边界，合理确定定价周期、实施综合补贴，有效规避世贸规则、建立配套措施，完善信息发布体系的对策建议。

Abstract:

Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (hereinafter referred to as XPCC) is the main cotton producing area in China. Stabilizing XPCC′s cotton production is of great strategic significance to Xinjiang and even the whole country. For this reason, in 2014, the state took the lead in implementing a pilot cotton target price subsidy in Xinjiang cotton region. In order to understand the results and problems of the cotton target price subsidy policy pilot in XPCC and to optimize the cotton target price subsidy policy, taking the First Division of XPCC as an example, the implementation of the cotton target price subsidy policy in the First Division was investigated on the spot and the response of cotton farmers in the sample area to the cotton target price subsidy policy was analyzed. It is proved that the XPCC cotton target price subsidy policy had achieved good results currently. The implementation of the target price subsidy policy had stabilized XPCC cotton production, promoted cotton quality improvement, ensured cotton farmers′ income increase, accelerated industry optimization and upgrading, and restored market vitality. However, the basis, method, amount and policy implementation of cotton target price subsidy were still insufficient. In order to optimize the cotton target price subsidy policy, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions, such as strengthening propaganda and defining the price boundary, reasonably determining the pricing cycle, implementing comprehensive subsidies, effectively avoiding WTO rules, establishing supporting measures, and improving the information release system.