POI数据辅助下的泸州市城市地块用地类型现状快速判断与验证

RESEARCH ON THE IDENTIFY METHOD OF URBAN BLOCK USE TYPES IN LUZHOU CITY BY POI DATA

关键词:  城市地块用地类型现状POIOSM地籍数据泸州市

Key words:  urban block  actual use types  POI  OSM  cadastral data  Luzhou

摘要:

［目的］土地利用规划和城市规划的用地地块，在实际使用过程中，都会不同程度与规划用途产生差异，如何把握规划的实施程度是土地管理中的一个重要问题。［方法］在大数据时代的背景下，通过对网络大数据可以真实地反映城市地块的真实使用状况。研究采用OSM（Open Street Map），对研究区进行城市地块的划分，形成街区尺度的城市地块。采用POI（Point of Interest）数据，建立了POI分类与城市用地分类的映射关系，计算了不同类型的POI数据的频数密度和类型比例，形成基于POI的城市地块用地类型识别方法，对研究区的城市地块进行土地利用现状识别。识别结果与第二次土地调查分类结果进行对比，验证方法的可行性。［结果］从泸州市的实证结果看，基于POI数据的城市地块识别结果与基于地籍数据的城市地块识别结果存在很大的差别。地籍数据主要是表针城市地块中不同实体的土地利用状况，两种数据采集的标准和表达的意义都不同，因此造成结果存在较大的差异性。［结论］研究认为，POI点有准确的空间位置信息和丰富的属性信息，主要是表征城市地块中不同实体的真实使用状况，可以较准确地判定快速发展的城市进程中的城市用地类型，能较为真实反映城市地块的现实使用状况，但也要注意POI数据在实际应用中存在的缺陷和不足。

Abstract:

The land use types are defined by land use planning or city planning. The types are changing with the actual use processing, and different from the planning. This research aims to identify the actual use types by the internet big data. First, we divided the urban block by OSM (Open Street Map) data, and established a mapping relation between the POI (Point of Interest) data classification, then calculated the frequency density and classification proportion to identify the urban block use types. Finally, we established a mapping relation between the POI data classification and land use classification of cadastral data, and analyzed the two identify results. It showed that the two results were lower consistency. It was because that the land use data confirmed the use types at land supplying, the current use types was changing all the time. The internet big data identified the present situations of land use. The different of two results showed the inconformity between land supplying use types and current use types. In summary, POI data which has accurate spatial location information and rich attribute information, which can identify the land use timely and fast, but POI data has its defects and deficiencies in use.