农户获取马铃薯主粮化的市场信息渠道研究*——以甘肃省定西市为例

STUDY ON THE MARKET INFORMATION CHANNELS FOR FARMERS TO OBTAIN POTATO STAPLE FOOD*——EVIDENCE FROM DINGXI CITY IN GANSU PROVINCE

关键词:  马铃薯主粮化战略市场信息渠道马铃薯农户Heckman两阶段模型受教育程度

Key words:  potato staple food strategy  market information channel  potato farmer  Heckman two step model  education level

摘要:

［目的］2015年我国启动马铃薯主粮化战略。掌握马铃薯主产区种植户获取马铃薯主粮化的市场信息渠道数量是实现农业生产经营信息化的重要保障。［方法］基于362个定西市商品马铃薯种植户的问卷调查数据，采用Heckman两阶段模型以及从不同教育文化水平对马铃薯种植户了解马铃薯主粮化及其市场信息渠道数量的影响因素、不同市场信息渠道的影响因素进行分析。［结果］种植户一般通过两个市场信息渠道获悉马铃薯主粮化，其中，政府宣传为主要渠道。教育文化水平对渠道数量有显著正向的影响，文化水平越高，农户掌握的信息渠道数量越多。农户为村干部、加入产业组织、对马铃薯营养价值和功能了解程度高、所在村网络通讯良好有助于他们从更多渠道获取市场信息。［结论］因此，加强宣传与培训，提高农户对马铃薯营养价值和功能的了解程度，加大支农投入，完善网络通讯设施，引导农户加入产业组织可能是促进受教育水平低的农户增加市场信息渠道了解马铃薯主粮化的有效途径。

Abstract:

The staple food strategy for potatoes in China has been promoting positively potatoes as the fourth main grain followed by rice, wheat and maize, which accelerates the development of potato industry chain since 2015. This strategy has a profound impact on the production, processing and consumption of potatoes in the new era. However, the dissemination effect of agricultural information has much to do with multi level and multi type information channels. It plays an important role in promoting agricultural market information work, reducing farmers′ information search cost, realizing agricultural production and operation informatization to master the number of information channels for potato growers to understand market information in main potato producing areas. Based on a cross sectional sample of 362 Chinese commercial potato farmers from 24 villages of three counties in Dingxi city, which is the potato town in Gansu province, this paper analyzed the factors that influenced the number of information channels and each different information channel for potato growers to understand the staple food for potatoes by using Heckman two stage model. It was found that growers were generally informed of the staple food for potatoes through two market information channels. Among them, the government propaganda was the main channel, and farmers′ education level had a significant and positive impact on the number of market information channels which they depended on. Namely, farmers mastered more market information channels if they had higher education level. Farmers who were village cadres, joined the industrial organization, had good understanding of potato nutrition value and function, with good network communication tended to have information by more channels. Therefore, strengthening publicity and training to improve farmers′ understanding of potato nutrition value and function, increasing investment in supporting agriculture to improve Internet communications facilities, guiding farmers to join agricultural industry organizations may be effective ways to promote the farmers with low education level to increase the information channels to understand the staple food for potatoes.