沿海都市农业中家庭农场土地适度规模研究——基于厦门市家庭农场的调查

STUDY ON THE APPROPRIATE SCALE OF FAMILY FARM LAND IN COASTAL URBAN AGRICULTURE——BASED ON THE SURVEY OF FAMILY FARM IN XIAMEN

关键词:  都市农业家庭农场多元线性回归模型适度规模厦门市

Key words:  urban agriculture  family farm  multiple regression model  moderate scale  Xiamen

摘要:

［目的］家庭农场是农业生产最有效的经营模式之一，已成为引领发展现代农业的有生力量。人多地少、耕地资源匮乏是都市农业面临的主要问题，如何衡量和确定家庭农场规模的适度性尤为重要。［方法］以厦门市家庭农场的实地调研数据为例，运用多元线性回归分析方法，选取土地规模、资本投入、农业收入、农场主家庭劳动力人数、长年雇工人数、农场主参加农业技能培训次数作为分析变量，对从事蔬菜专业、水果专业、多功能经营的家庭农场土地适度规模进行了实证分析。［结果］蔬菜专业、水果专业家庭农场和多功能经营的家庭农场土地适度规模分别为 154、450、356hm2。［结论］家庭农场土地适度规模并未存在一个普遍适用的标准，不能盲目推进统一标准的家庭农场规模经营模式。最后，文章从厦门市角度提出加快土地流转机制改革，制定和完善财政、税收、金融、保险扶持政策，加大技能培训等政策建议，以此引导发展土地适度规模家庭农场。

Abstract:

Family farm model is one of the most effective agricultural production management model and it has become a leading force in the development of modern agriculture. It is particular important to measure and determine the appropriateness of family farm scale because of large population, small land and lack of arable land resources in urban agricultural area. Taking the field survey data of family farm in Xiamen as an example, this paper used multiple linear regression analysis method to select land scale, capital input, agricultural income, the number of farmers′ family labor, the number of long year workers, and the number of farmers participating in the training of agricultural skills as the analysis variables, and the appropriate scale of vegetable, fruit and multi functional family farm land was analyzed. The results showed that the appropriate scale of the land of vegetable, fruit and multifunctional family farm in the city was 1.54hm2, 4.50hm2 and 3.56hm2, respectively. It is believed that there is no universally applicable standard for the scale of family farm land, and no possibility to promote the unified standard family farm business model blindly. Finally, from the perspective of Xiamen city, we must accelerate the reform of the land transfer mechanism, formulate and improve fiscal, taxation, financial, and in insurance support policies, and increase skills training and other policy recommendations, so as to guide the development of moderate scale family farms.