江苏省农田保护经济补偿政策绩效评价与空间差异研究

STUDY ON PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND SPATIAL DIFFERENCE OF FARMLAND PROTECTION ECONOMIC COMPENSATION POLICY IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

关键词:  农田保护经济补偿政策分析绩效评价空间差异江苏省

Key words:  farmland protection economic compensation  policy analysis  performance evaluation  spatial difference  Jiangsu province

摘要:

［目的］分析评价江苏省现有农田保护经济补偿政策绩效与空间差异对建立完善长效的农业生态补偿机制和推动我国农业生态环境的可持续发展具有重要意义。［方法］以江苏省为研究区域，运用熵权-TOPSIS法，选取2010—2017年全省及苏北、苏中、苏南三个区域内11个指标，计算江苏省及三大区域农田保护经济补偿政策综合绩效值与经济、生态和社会效益单项绩效值，进行比较分析。［结果］（1）江苏省农田保护经济补偿政策在2010—2017年8年综合绩效值由0189波动增长到0841，效果初现且具有较强推广价值。（2）经济效益绩效值以年均257%的增长率由0增长到1，效果最为显著，社会效益次之，生态效益自2013年后为绩效值中最低值，与前两项最大差距在05左右，反映出环境改善、农田质量提高效应远低于农户创收、社会公平效应，政策拟合度不高。（3）江苏省农田保护经济补偿政策效果存在空间差异，综合来看政策效果表现为苏南>苏中>苏北，苏南凭借经济优势在2016年和2017年的综合绩效值上比苏中苏北高出01、在经济与社会绩效值以002的差距领先且生态绩效值没有下降拐点，具有长效可持续性。［结论］现阶段农田保护经济补偿政策效果依赖地方政府经济实力，尚未形成良性长效机制，需从制度体系、环境经济手段、差别化补偿措施、农业补贴结构和宣传等5方面着手，推进农田保护经济补偿政策更好地服务生态环境。

Abstract:

The analysis and evaluation of the policy performance and spatial differences of the existing economic compensation policies for farmland protection in Jiangsu province are of great significance for establishing a long term agricultural ecological compensation mechanism and promoting the sustainable development of China′s agricultural ecological environment. Taking Jiangsu province as the research area, the Entropy Weight TOPSIS method was used to select 11 indicators from both this province and three regions in Northern, Central and Southern Jiangsu from 2010 to 2017 to calculate the economic compensation policies for farmland protection in these areas. The individual performance value of economic, ecological and social benefits were compared and analyzed. As a result, three conclusions were shown as follows. (1) The comprehensive performance value of the economic compensation policy for farmland protection in Jiangsu province increased from 0.189 to 0.841during the 8 year from 2010 to 2017. The effect was emerging and had strong promotion value. (2) The performance value of economic benefits, as the most significant effect, increased from 0 to 1 at an average annual growth rate of 25.7%, followed by social benefits, and ecological benefits had the lowest performance values since 2013, with the largest gap between the first two being around 0.5. These reflected that the effects of environmental improvement and farmland quality improvement were far lower than those of farmers′ income generation and social equity, and the degree of policy was not well fit. (3) There was a spatial difference in the effect of economic compensation policies for farmland protection in Jiangsu province. All together, the effect of the policy was showed as follows, Southern Jiangsu> Central Jiangsu> Northern Jiangsu. Due to its economic advantages, Southern Jiangsu was 0.1 higher in the comprehensive performance value than Central and Northern Jiangsu from 2016 to 2017. It was also leading by 0.02 in economic and social performance values, and no turning point existed in the ecological performance value, which meant long term sustainability. At this stage, it can be concluded that the effect of the economic compensation policy for farmland protection depends on the economic strength of local government, and a benign long term mechanism has not yet been formed. To promote agricultural compensation policies to better serve the ecological environment, it is necessary to start from five aspects, including the system, environmental economic measures, differentiated compensation measures, agricultural subsidy structure, and publicity.