基于乡村振兴的河北省农业资源可持续利用评价

EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES IN HEBEI BASED ON RURAL REVITALIZATION

关键词:  农业资源可持续利用乡村振兴评价河北省

Key words:  agricultural resources  sustainable use  rural revitalization  evaluation  Hebei province

摘要:

［目的］对农业资源可持续利用水平展开评价，为区域农业发展相关政策的制定提供理论参考，将有利于不断推进乡村振兴战略的实施。［方法］从经济可持续性、社会可接受性和生态可持续性3个方面构建了河北省农业资源可持续利用评价体系，采用熵权法和加权综合法测算了2007—2016年全省及11个地级市农业资源可持续利用水平，并探究了经济可持续性、社会可接受性和生态可持续性之间的协调度。在此基础上，采用DEA模型中的CCR模型和BCC模型探讨了全省农业资源利用的综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率。［结果］（1）2007—2016年河北省农业资源可持续利用评价综合评价分值呈平稳增长趋势，由2007年的0315提高到2016年的0498。2007—2012年，农业资源利用的经济可持续性、社会可接受性和生态可持续性发展之间的协调度呈现递增趋势，由0760提高到0935。2012—2016年，协调度呈现递减趋势，由0909降低到0838。（2）2007—2016年河北省各市农业资源可持续利用的综合评价分值整体呈递增趋势，但地区间存在差异。整体看来，唐山市的评价分值明显高于其他各地市，其次为廊坊市和石家庄市，邢台市的综合评价分值较低。（3）2007—2016年，河北省农业资源利用的综合效率和规模效率变化趋势表现出高度的一致性。2007—2012年，综合效率小于095，处于较低的水平。2013—2016年，综合效率大于095，处于较高的水平。大部分年份存在农业机械总动力、农业从业人员、农用地面积和化肥施用量投入过多，农村人均可支配收入产出不足的现象。［结论］河北省农业资源可持续利用水平虽呈现良好的发展态势，但今后更应注重经济、社会和生态之间的协调性，推动农业资源利用的可持续性向更高水平发展。农业资源可持续利用综合效率的提升主要是依靠生产规模的优化配置，技术创新发挥的作用较小，农业生产要素的投入亟待进一步优化配置。

Abstract:

The evaluation of the sustainable use of agricultural resources and the provision of theoretical references for the formulation of regional agricultural development policies will be conducive to the continuous implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. The sustainable utilization evaluation system of agricultural resources in Hebei province was constructed from three aspects, namely, economic sustainability, social acceptability and ecological sustainability. And the entropy method and weighted comprehensive method were used to calculate the level of sustainable use of agricultural resources in the province and 11 regions from 2007 to 2016, then the degree of coordination between economic sustainability, social acceptability and ecological sustainability were explored. On this basis, the CCR model and BCC model in the DEA model were used to explore the comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of agricultural resource utilization in the province. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, from 2007 to 2016, the comprehensive evaluation scores of agricultural resources sustainable utilization evaluation in Hebei province showed a steady growth trend, from 0.315 in 2007 to 0.498 in 2016. From 2007 to 2012, the coordination degree among economic sustainability, social acceptability and ecological sustainability of agricultural resource utilization showed an increasing trend, from 0.760 to 0.935.From 2012 to 2016, the coordination degree decreased from 0.909 to 0.838. Secondly, from 2007 to 2016, the comprehensive evaluation scores of sustainable utilization of agricultural resources in various cities of Hebei province showed an increasing trend, but there were differences among regions. Overall, the evaluation score in Tangshan city was significantly higher than other cities, followed by Langfang city and Shijiazhuang city, and the comprehensive evaluation score in Xingtai city was lower. Finally, from 2007 to 2016, the comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency showed a high agricultural resource utilization in Hebei Province showed a high degree of consistency. From 2007 to 2012, the overall efficiency was less than 0.95, which was at a lower level. From 2013 to 2016, the overall efficiency was greater than 0.95, which was at a high level. In most years, there was a phenomenon that the total power of agricultural machinery, agricultural employees, agricultural land area and fertilizer application amount were excessive, and the per capita disposable income of rural people was insufficient. Although the sustainable utilization level of agricultural resources in Hebei province shows a good development trend, in the future, it should pay more attention to the coordination between economy, society and ecology, and promote the sustainable development of agricultural resource utilization to a higher level. The improvement of the comprehensive efficiency of sustainable utilization of agricultural resources mainly depends on the optimal allocation of production scale, and the role of technological innovation is small. The investment of agricultural production factors needs to be further optimized.