基于ESDA模型的石漠化地区景观破碎化时空演变研究

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL EVOLUTIONARY STUDY OF LANDSCAPE FRAGMENTATION IN ROCKY DESERTIFICATION AREA BASED ON ESDA MODEL

关键词:  石漠化地区探索性空间数据分析（ESDA）模型景观破碎化空间聚集演变驱动力分析

Key words:  rocky desertification area  exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) model  landscape fragmentation  spatial aggregation evolution  driving force analysis

摘要:

［目的］为探究花江示范区景观破碎化的时空动态特征。［方法］研究基于2000—2017年5期时间序列影像获得的一级景观类型的土地覆盖数据，运用探索性空间数据分析（ESDA）模型、景观指数和主成分分析法对景观破碎化的时空变化特征及空间聚集演变规律进行分析。［结果］（1）花江示范区景观破碎化程度在时间跨度上呈缓解趋势，但整体上仍以中度和高度等级为主，其面积占区域总面积的50％以上，在空间格局上呈现出区域差异，中度等级在各个村组都有较多分布，高度等级主要集中分布在峡谷村、查尔岩村和银洞湾村。（2）花江示范区景观破碎化空间分布聚集现象显著，其差异随时间推移逐渐增大，两极化不断增强，且景观破碎化的空间异质性及复杂性增高。（3）脆弱的喀斯特环境及人类活动强度成为景观破碎化的自然和人为因素，石漠化综合治理工程分布区的景观破碎化状况有了一定的好转，而大部分仍处于较低水平，石漠化治理措施力度还远远不够。［结论］研究结果为花江示范区景观格局优化、生态环境保护及可持续发展提供理论依据和决策参考。研究采用探索性空间数据分析（ESDA）模型对研究区的景观破碎化进行空间聚集演变分析，研究表明，其在景观空间相关性研究中具有很好的适用性。

Abstract:

To explore the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of landscape fragmentation in the Huajiang demonstration area, We analyzed the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and spatial aggregation evolution of landscape fragmentation by using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) model, landscape pattern index and principal components analyses. The related image data of land cover from 2000 to 2017 was used for analysis in this study. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, the degree of landscape fragmentation in Huajiang demonstration area had been alleviating with time, and it was still dominated by the degrees including moderate and severe, which accounted for more than 50% of the total study area. The moderate degree was more distributed in each village group, and the severe degree was mainly distributed in Canyon village, Chaeryan village and Yindongwan village. (2) The spatial distribution of landscape fragmentation in the Huajiang demonstration area was significant, and its difference gradually increased with time. The spatial heterogeneity and complexity of landscape fragmentation were increased. Finally, the fragile karst environment and the intensity of human activities had become the main factors that led to landscape fragmentation. Although the rocky desertification comprehensive treatment project had been improved and achieved certain results, the landscape fragmentation situation had improved to some extent, but the further treatment still be needed. The measures were not enough. This study provides a theoretical basis and decision making reference for landscape pattern optimization, environment protection and sustainable development in Huajiang demonstration area. The study uses exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) model to analyze the spatial aggregation evolution of landscape fragmentation in the study area, and the results show that the ESDA model has good applicability in the study of landscape spatial correlation.