河南省乡村旅游资源环境承载力测度

MEASUREMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CARRYING CAPACITY OF RURAL TOURISM RESOURCES IN HENAN PROVINCE

关键词:  乡村旅游环境承载力层次分析法承载力指数河南省

Key words:  rural tourism  environmental carrying capacity  AHP  carrying capacity index  Henan province

摘要:

［目的］随着乡村旅游的快速发展，旅游环境受到的压力逐渐加大，河南省是我国农业大省，也是乡村旅游发展较早的省份，测度乡村旅游资源环境承载力对河南省发展乡村旅游具有重要的指导意义。［方法］文章通过构建乡村旅游资源环境承载力评价指标体系，采用层次分析法确定指标权重，构建旅游资源环境承载力指数模型对河南省乡村旅游资源环境承载力进行分析评价。［结果］(1)利用层次分析法得到的指标权重结果表明自然资源承载力权重值最高，为0424 9，乡村旅游基础设施承载力权重值最低，为0249 5。(2)旅游环境承载力指数表明2011—2016年河南省乡村旅游资源环境承载力为轻度超载，整体上处于协调状态。(3)从3个层面来看，自然资源的利用程度较高，为轻度超载； 社会经济发展承载力处于报警状态，人口增长对社会经济增长带来的影响较明显； 基础实施承载力为轻度超载，应加强基础实施的建设。［结论］目前，河南省乡村旅游发展基本处于可持续发展状态。根据研究结果提出针对性的建议，应加强乡村基础设施的建设，适当控制人口增长以减小对环境造成的压力，优化乡村旅游产业结构，促进自然资源、社会经济和基础设施的协调，保证河南省乡村旅游的可持续发展。

Abstract:

With the rapid development of rural tourism, the pressure on the tourism environment is gradually increasing. Henan province is a big agricultural province in China, and it is also an early province of rural tourism development. Measuring the environmental carrying capacity of rural tourism resources has important guiding significance for Henan province to develop rural tourism. This paper constructed the evaluation index system of rural tourism resources and environment carrying capacity, determined the index weight by AHP, and constructed an index model of tourism resources and environment carrying capacity to analyze and evaluate the rural tourism resources environmental carrying capacity in Henan province. The results of index weight obtained by AHP showed that the weight value of natural resources carrying capacity was the highest (0.424 9), and that of rural tourism infrastructure was the lowest (0.249 5). The tourism environmental carrying capacity index indicated that the environmental carrying capacity of rural tourism resources in Henan province was slightly overloaded from 2011 to 2016 and was in a coordinated state as a whole. From the three aspects, the utilization of natural resources was high, which was slightly overloaded; the carrying capacity of social and economic development was in an alarming state, and the impact of population growth on social and economic growth was obvious; the carrying capacity of foundation implementation was slightly overloaded, which indicated the construction of infrastructure should be strengthened. At present, the rural tourism development in Henan is basically in a state of sustainable development. Based on the findings of the study, we should strengthen the construction of rural infrastructure and properly control the population growth in order to reduce the pressure on the environment, optimize the structure of rural tourism industry, and promote the coordination of natural resources, social economy with infrastructure, in order to ensure the sustainable development of rural tourism in Henan province.