基于POI提取的山地丘陵区乡村旅游空间分布研究*——以重庆市农家乐为例

RESEARCH ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RURAL TOURISM IN MOUNTAINOUS AND HILLY AREAS BASED ON POI EXTRACTION*——A CASE STUDY OF CHONGQING CITY

关键词:  乡村旅游空间分布山地丘陵区POI乡村振兴

Key words:  rural tourism  spatial distribution  mountainous hilly area  POI  rural revitalization

摘要:

［目的］通过大数据研究山地丘陵区乡村旅游的空间分布现状及规律，为乡村旅游规划提供参考借鉴。［方法］基于POI抓取技术，以2018年9月抓取到的重庆市1 644家农家乐为研究对象，结合各种地理基础数据资料，借助GIS分析手段，采用最近邻指数、K函数、核密度估计、Getis Ord Gi*热点分析和Moran′s I指数对重庆市农家乐空间分布特征进行研究。［结果］（1）重庆市农家乐分布整体呈现显著聚集趋势，空间自相关性显著； 主城区为聚集—随机分布，空间自相关性不显著； （2）市域范围农家乐聚集程度随空间尺度的增大而增强，主城区特征空间尺度为2139km； （3）农家乐在中部主城区集中连片分布，在主城外零散分布； （4）全市农家乐分布热点区域集中在中南部； （5）7044%的农家乐分布在距城市中心120km的范围内； （6）767%的农家乐分布在A级景区周边10km范围内，且倾向于分布在自然类景区和高等级景区周边； （7）中海拔地区为农家乐分布的主要区域。［结论］提出针对性的改善建议，以优化农家乐产业布局，促进乡村旅游发展与生态文明建设充分结合，更好助力乡村振兴。

Abstract:

This paper aims to study the spatial distribution and laws of rural tourism in mountainous and hilly areas by using big data, in order to provide reference for rural tourism planning in the implementation of rural revitalization strategy. Based on the technology of POI, taking 1 644 rural tourism in Chongqing as the research object in September 2018, combining with various geographical basic data, the spatial distribution characteristics of rural tourism in Chongqing were studied by using the nearest neighbor index, K function, kernel density estimation, Getis Ord Gi* Hotspot analysis and Moran′s I index with the help of GIS analysis method. The results were showed as follows. (1) The overall distribution of rural tourism in Chongqing showed a significant aggregation trend, and the spatial autocorrelation was significant, while in the main urban area, the rural tourism distributed aggregately and randomly, and the spatial autocorrelation was not significant. (2) With the increase of spatial scale, the aggregation degree of rural tourism in the urban area increased. And the characteristic spatial scale of the main urban area was 21.39 km. (3) The rural tourism in the central main urban area was distributed in a contiguous manner while scattered outside the main urban area. (4) The hotspots for the distribution of the rural tourism in Chongqing were concentrated in the central and southern regions. (5) 70.44% of rural tourism was distributed within 120 km from the city center. (6) 76.7% of rural tourism was distributed within 10 km from the A level scenic spot, and tended to be distributed around natural or high level scenic spots. (7) The middle altitude area was the main area for the distribution of rural tourism. According to the results, targeted improvement suggestions were put forward to optimize the layout of rural tourism industry, promote the comprehensive integration of rural tourism development and ecological civilization construction, and better assist rural revitalization.