我国农业现代化评价指标体系的构建与应用

CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF CHINA′S AGRICULTURAL MODERNIZARION EVALUATION INDEX SYSTEM

关键词:  农业现代化指标体系层次分析法专家打分法发展阶段

Key words:  agricultural modernization  indicator system  analytic hierarchy process  expert scoring  development phase

摘要:

［目的］在探讨当前农业现代化内涵的基础上，构建一套包括产业体系建设、生产体系建设、经营体系建设、支持保护水平、质量效益水平、绿色发展水平6个方面23项具体指标的中国农业现代化水平评价指标体系，揭示我国农业现代化发展水平的区域分异特征。［方法］利用层次分析法和专家打分法相结合的方法确定各指标权重，基本避免了主观随意性对权重系数的影响，可以相对客观、真实地评价农业现代化发展水平。［结果］整体来看，全国的农业现代化处于转型跨越阶段； 分区域来看，农业现代化发展水平从高到低依次是：东部地区、东北地区、中部地区和西部地区； 分类别来看，各省份内部不同指标间呈现差异化发展的现象。［结论］提出了推进中国农业现代化建设的政策建议：（1）加快调整农业产业结构，建设现代农业产业体系； （2）强化设施装备科技支撑，完善现代农业生产体系； （3）创新发展适度规模经营，健全现代农业经营体系。

Abstract:

Based on the agricultural modernization′s definition in the current stage, an index evaluation system is constructed and applied to clarify the regional divergent characteristics on China′s agricultural modernization level with 23 indicators from 6 aspects including the industrial system construction, production system construction, management system construction, support protection level, quality benefit level, and the green development level. The analytic hierarchy process and the expert scoring method were used to calculate the weights of the indicators, which avoided the impacts of subjective arbitrariness and could objectively and realistically evaluate the agricultural modernization level. Overall, China′s agricultural modernization was in the stage of transformation and leapfrogging; sub regionally, the level of agricultural modernization development from high to low was: eastern region, northeast region, central region and western region; in terms of classification, indicators of each province indicated the phenomenon of differential development among themselves. This paper proposed three suggestions for promoting agricultural modernization: (1) Accelerate the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and build a modern agricultural industrial system; (2) Strengthen the support of facilities and equipment, and improve the modern agricultural production system; (3) Innovate and develop moderate scale operation, and improve modern agricultural management system.