技术匹配、吸收能力与茶农对机械化技术的采用

MECHANIZATION TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION BY TECHNOLOGY MATCHING, ABSORBING CAPACITY AND TEA FARMERS

关键词:  技术匹配吸收能力机械化技术技术采用茶农

Key words:  technology matching  absorbing capacity  mechanization technology  technology adoption  tea farmers

摘要:

［目的］伴随劳动力缺乏和用工成本的不断提高，机械化技术正快速进入中国的茶产业，为探寻茶产业生产机械化水平提高原因和机制，以及为茶农机械化技术采用行为的研究提供新的视角，以更好推动机械化技术应用到生产实践中。［方法］结合茶农技术选择的特征和影响因素，基于技术接受模型，构建了含有技术匹配、吸收能力两个外部变量的茶农对机械化技术采纳行为的模型。［结果］通过对1 246名茶农的实证研究表明，吸收能力与感知有用性、感知易用性、使用意向正相关，感知易用性与感知有用性、使用意向均正相关，感知有用性与使用意向正相关。技术匹配并不直接影响感知易用性，但是通过影响有用性正向影响使用意向，也直接影响使用意向。［结论］茶农对机械化技术的采用决策不仅受到自身对技术匹配的认知影响，而且受到吸收能力的影响，并且吸收能力的影响在决定技术采用时扮演着更为重要的角色。

Abstract:

With the labor shortage and the labor costs increasing, mechanization technology is rapidly entering the Chinese tea industry. How to explore the reasons and mechanisms for improving the mechanization level of tea industry production, and how to provide the new perspective for the research of the behavior of mechanization technology adoption behavior by tea farmers will promote better the application of mechanization technology to production practice. Combining the characteristics and influencing factors of tea farmers′ technology selection, we constructed a new model of mechanization technology adoption behaviors by tea farmers based on the technology acceptance model. The new model contained two external variables technology matching and absorbing capacity. The empirical study on 1 246 tea farmers showed as follows. The absorbing capacity was positively correlated with perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and use intention. Perceived ease of use was positively correlated with perceived usefulness and use intention. Perceived usefulness was positively correlated with use intention. Technology matching did not directly affect perceived ease of use, but it positively affected the use intention by affecting usefulness, and also directly affected the use intention. Tea farmers′ decision making on mechanization technology adoption is not only affected by their own cognitive about the technology matching, but also affected by absorbing capacity. And the influence of absorbing capacity plays a more important role in determining the technology adoption.