内蒙古鄂尔多斯市城镇化进程中土地生态安全动态评价研究

DYNAMIC EVALUATION OF LAND ECOLOGICAL SECURITY IN THE PROCESS OF URBANIZATION IN ORDOS CITY, INNER MONGOLIA

关键词:  城镇化土地利用生态安全动态鄂尔多斯市

Key words:  urbanization  land use  ecological security  dynamic change  Ordos city

摘要:

［目的］通过从数量、质量、结构、保障等4个方面切入，构建综合性土地生态安全评价指标体系，以分析2005—2015年鄂尔多斯市10年城镇化进程中土地生态安全的动态变化情况，分析城镇化进程的不断推进对土地生态安全状况的影响。［方法］采用特尔斐法和主成分分析法，综合评价评价因子的权重，采用综合指数法计算土地生态安全指数值。参考已有研究成果与鄂尔多斯市实际情况划分土地生态安全级别。［结果］（1）10年城镇化进程中，鄂尔多斯市土地利用变化十分明显。其中，农用地和建设用地面积均有所增加，其他土地面积有所减少； （2）从土地生态安全分项评价结果来看，数量安全评价数值呈现出先增大后减小的微小变化，安全水平基本稳定； 质量安全与保障安全均呈现出逐年增加的趋势明； 结构安全评价分值出现了先减后增的变化趋势，这与土地政策的倾向具有明显的相关性； （3）从土地生态安全综合指数值来看，鄂尔多斯市土地生态安全水平呈现出逐年递增的趋势，已由2005年的临界安全水平提升至较安全水平。［结论］鄂尔多斯市整体生态安全水平正在逐年改善，但是仍未达到理想安全状态，在今后的土地利用中应继续加大土地生态安全监管力度。

Abstract:

Through the analysis of quantity, quality, structure and guarantee, this research establishes a comprehensive land ecological security evaluation index system to analyze the dynamic changes of land ecological security in the process of urbanization from 2005 to 2015, and then explores the impact of urbanization on land ecological security. The Delphi method and principal component was used to determine the weights of evaluation factors. And then, according to the values which was calculated by composite index method, the land ecological security levels was divided based on the researches before and the physical truth in Ordos city. The results were showed as follows. (1) During the last ten years from 2005 to 2015, the land use change in Ordos city was quite obvious. Among them, the area of agricultural land and construction land both increased year by year, while the area of other land decreased. (2) According to the results of sub item evaluation of land ecological security, the evaluation value was basically stable and fluctuated around 0.17, showing a trend of increase first and then decrease, which meant that the quantity security of land use in Ordos city was basically stability. This was obviously related to the tendency of land policy. (3) From the comprehensive index value of land ecological security, the level of land ecological security in Ordos city showed an increasing trend year by year, and had been raised from the critical level of security in 2005 to a safer level. In summary, the overall level of ecological security in Ordos is improving year by year, but it has not reached the ideal state of security. In the future land use, we should continue to strengthen the supervision of land ecological security.