陕北地区乡村旅游精准扶贫效应评价

EVALUATION ON THE EFFECT OF PRECISE POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN RURAL TOURISM IN NORTHERN SHAANXI

关键词:  乡村旅游精准扶贫效应评价陕北

Key words:  rural tourism  precise poverty alleviation  effect  evaluation  northern Shaanxi

摘要:

［目的］贫困问题是当今世界最尖锐的问题之一，我国政府极其重视扶贫。通过乡村旅游实现精准扶贫，对于打赢扶贫攻坚战具有非常重要的作用。对乡村旅游精准扶贫效进行评价，对把握脱贫工作的不足和方向、提高陕北地区乡村旅游的扶贫效益具有重要意义。［方法］文章选择2011—2016年为时间结点，将熵值法与加权评分法两种定量研究方法相结合，以榆林市和延安市21个“国家乡村旅游精准扶贫重点县”为研究对象，研究陕北地区大力发展乡村旅游以来其精准扶贫效应，并对其做出评价。［结果］陕北地区乡村旅游精准扶贫经济效应总体为显著，且延安市区域间发展很不平衡； 在改善贫困地区贫困人口受教育及生活水平方面，乡村旅游产生的效应不显著； 在改善贫困地区贫困居民健康水平方面，乡村旅游扶贫效应比较显著。［结论］陕北地区乡村旅游精准扶贫效应总体处于显著和较显著两个水平，还有很长的路要走。

Abstract:

Poverty is one of the most acute problems in the world today. The Chinese government attaches great importance to poverty alleviation. Achieving accurate poverty alleviation through rural tourism plays a very important role in winning the fight against poverty. The evaluation of the precise poverty alleviation effect of rural tourism is of great significance for grasping the inadequacy and direction of poverty alleviation work and improving the poverty alleviation benefits of rural tourism in northern Shaanxi. This paper selected 2011-2016 as the time node, took 21 "National Rural Tourism Precision Poverty Alleviation Key Counties" in Yulin city and Yan′an city as the research, and combined the two quantitative methods of entropy method and weighted scoring method, then studied the precise poverty alleviation effect of the development of rural tourism in northern Shaanxi and evaluated it. The economic effect of rural tourism precision poverty alleviation in northern Shaanxi was generally moderate, and the inter regional development in Yan′an was very uneven. The effect of rural tourism was limited in improving the education and living standards of poor people in poverty stricken areas. In terms of the health level of poor residents, the rural tourism poverty alleviation effect was more obvious. The precision poverty alleviation effect of rural tourism in northern Shaanxi is generally at the middle and poor level, and the level is low. It needs a long way to go to realize the targeted poverty alleviation of rural tourism in northern Shaanxi.