农户分化视角下农地“三权分置”政策响应度评价及障碍因子诊断*——以湖北省东部8市为例

RESPONSE EVALUATION AND OBSTACLE DIAGNOSIS OF FARMLAND "THREE RIGHTS SEPARATION" POLICY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FARMER DIFFERENTIATION*——A CASE STUDY OF 8 CITIES IN EASTERN HUBEI

关键词:  农户分化农地“三权分置”政策响应度障碍因子改进TOPSIS法

Key words:  farmer differentiation  farmland "three rights separation" policy  responsibility  obstacles  the improved TOPSIS method

摘要:

［目的］农地政策的有效执行很大程度上取决于农户的认可和响应，从农户视角剖析政策的响应程度及障碍因素，对于提高政策实施绩效具有重要意义。［方法］利用湖北省东部8市672户农户的问卷调查数据，基于农户分化视角和社会认知理论，从自我效能、价值期望、外部环境3个维度共计19个指标构建农地“三权分置”政策响应度评价指标体系，运用改进TOPSIS分析法和障碍度模型测度不同类型农户政策响应度并诊断其障碍因子。［结果］研究区内农户农地“三权分置”政策总体响应度为0564 0，响应水平一般，纯农户政策响应度（0578 3）>兼业户（0562 4）>非农经营户（0541 6）； 农地“三权分置”政策响应度最重要影响因素为农户风险认知（SE3）、配套保障（OE2）及政策内容感知（SE1），其影响程度在不同类型农户中存在差异； 影响农地“三权分置”政策响应度的主要障碍因子为土地价值评估（SE3-2）、职业技能培训评价（OE2-2）、社保水平评价（OE2-1）、“三权分置”政策了解程度（SE1-1）。［结论］提高农户农地“三权分置”政策响应度水平，加强对政策的宣传推广，建立合理土地价值评估机构，同步完善相应政策实施配套机制，应是当前“三权分置”政策实施中需要关注的重点。

Abstract:

The effective implementation of land policy largely depends on farmers′ recognition. It is of great significance to analyze the policy responsibility and obstacle factors from the perspective of farmers so as to improve the performance of farmland "three rights separation" policy. The data of 672 households were obtained through field survey in 8 cities of eastern Hubei province. From the perspective of farmers′ differentiation and the theory of social cognition, the evaluation index system for the policy response was established, including 19 indicators from the three dimensions of self efficacy, value expectation and external environment. The improved TOPSIS method and the obstacle degree model were used to measure the policy response of different types of farmers and diagnose their obstacle factors. The results showed that: (1) Farmers′ overall responsibility of the "three rights separation" policy, with a value of 0.5640, was at a medium level. (2) The professional households had the highest policy response, 0.5783, followed by the part time households and the non agricultural households, which had respective responsibilities of 0.5624 and 0.5416. (3) The most important factors influencing the policy response were risk awareness of farmers (SE3), supporting guarantees (OE2) and policy content perception (SE1), with different contributions to different types of farmers. (4) The main obstacles to the response of farmland "three rights separation" policy were assessing land value (SE3 2), evaluation of vocational skills training (OE2 2), evaluation of the social security level (OE2 1), and understanding of the policy (SE1 1). Thus, it is urgent to strengthen the responsibility and the promotion of the policy, to establish a reasonable land value evaluation institution and to improve the corresponding policy implementation supporting mechanism, which should be the focus in the current policy implementation.