基于主体功能定位的湖北省县域乡村性空间分异研究

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RURALITY AT COUNTY LEVEL IN HUBEI PROVINCE BASED ON MAJOR FUNCTION ORIENTED ZONING LOCATION

关键词:  乡村性乡村发展类型县域主体功能区湖北省

Key words:  rurality  types of rural development  county level  major function oriented zoning  Hubei province

摘要:

［目的］确立与主体功能区定位相协调的乡村发展类型与乡村政策，是促进城乡融合、乡村振兴的重要措施。［方法］以湖北省县域为空间单元，构建乡村性评价指标体系，并基于三次产业的产值结构，划分县域的乡村发展类型。［结果］（1）2016年湖北省县域乡村性指数相对较高，乡村性呈现出东低西高的空间分布格局。乡村发展类型可划分为农业主导型、工业主导型、商旅服务型和均衡发展型，分别占县域总数的2529%、161%、1071%和4828%。（2）重点开发区的乡村类型以工业主导型和商旅服务型为主，乡村类型主要是城镇化和工业化带动，市场、资本推动力和农民的自主选择突出； 农产品主产区和重点生态功能区的乡村类型均以农业主导型和均衡发展型为主，不同的是农产品主产区的农业自然和生产条件优越、农耕文化根植，农业政策扶植，乡村类型是由农业现代化和产业化推动； 重点生态功能区乡村类型受资源环境约束、经济基础及行政干预的推动。［结论］三大主体功能区下的乡村类型及驱动机制存在差异，并提出不同乡村振兴发展的政策建议。

Abstract:

The establishment of rural development types and policy in line with major function oriented zoning is an important measure to promote the integration of urban and rural development and achieve rural revitalization. Based on the county level as the basic unit of space, the rurality evaluation index system of 87 counties in Hubei province was constructed in 2016, and based on output value structure of three industries, the types of rural development in the counties were divided. The results showed that: (1) In 2016, the rurality index in the counties of Hubei province was relatively high, and the rurality index of the counties in the western area was higher than those of the eastern area. The types of rural development in counties could be divided into four types, namely, agriculture dominated, industrial oriented, business service oriented and balanced development, accounting for 25.29%, 16.1%, 10.71% and 48.28% of the total number of counties, respectively. (2) The rural development types in prioritized development zones were industrial oriented and business service oriented, and mainly driven by urbanization and industrialization. The market, capital and farmers′ independent choices were prominent. The rural types in main agricultural zones and key ecological functional zones had been dominated by agriculture oriented and balanced development rural. The difference was that the natural and agricultural production conditions in main agricultural zones were superior, the farming culture was rooted, and the agricultural policies were supported. Therefore, rural types were promoted by agricultural modernization and industrial modernization. The rural types in key ecological functional zones were promoted by policies, administrative intervention, resources and environment constraints. Finally, due to the differences of the rural types and driving mechanism, the paper put forward different development proposals for different rural types in three major function oriented zoning.