县域乡村振兴指标体系构建及其评价*——以广东德庆县为例

CONSTRUCTION AND EVALUATION OF INDEX SYSTEM FOR COUNTY RURAL REVITALIZATION*——THE CASE OF DEQING COUNTY OF GUANGDONG PROVINCE

关键词:  乡村振兴指标体系熵值法县域发展评价

Key words:  rural revitalization  index system  entropy method  county development  evaluation

摘要:

［目的］乡村振兴战略下县域尺度的评价指标较为缺乏，构建县域层面的乡村振兴评价指标体系，为丰富乡村振兴评价提供参考借鉴。［方法］研究围绕乡村振兴战略的“二十字”方针，结合《乡村振兴战略规划（2018—2022年）》主要考核指标，尝试性构建了县域层面的乡村振兴评价指标体系，包括5个二级指标与34个三级指标，采取熵值法评价了2009—2017年德庆县乡村发展现状水平，并根据县域乡村振兴规划目标测算了乡村振兴发展目标值。［结果］2009—2017年德庆县乡村发展总体水平不高，综合得分在006~01。该期间乡村发展表现为两个特征：2009—2013年乡村发展指数年均增速55%，增长平稳； 2014—2017年乡村发展指数年均增速46%，增长放缓。同时，对标2018—2022年县域乡村振兴规划还有较大的差距，需要加快发展速度。从乡村振兴各维度看，产业兴旺和生态宜居所占的权重较大，表明在乡村振兴战略中产业兴旺和生态宜居是最主要因素，随后是生活富裕、治理有效和乡风文明。［结论］德庆县是广东中西部山区县，农业产业化程度有待提升，一、二、三产融合亟待加强，生态优势尚未转化为产业优势。随着《德庆县乡村振兴战略规划（2018—2022年）》实施推进，乡村振兴需加快发展速度，从产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕5方面全方位发力，最终实现乡村振兴发展目标。

Abstract:

At present, the evaluation of rural revitalization at the county level is relatively lacking, and a county level evaluation index system for rural revitalization is constructed to provide reference for enriching rural revitalization evaluation. This study constructed a county level rural revitalization evaluation index system for 34 three level indicators with the assessment indicators of the "Rural Revitalization Strategic Plan (2018 2022)".Then, it used the entropy method to evaluate the current status of rural development in Deqing county from 2009 to 2017, and calculated the target value of rural revitalization development based on the county rural revitalization planning goals. The results showed that the overall level of rural development in Deqing county was not high from 2009 to 2017, and the overall score was between 0.06 and 0.1. During this period, rural development showed two characteristics. Firstly, the average annual growth rate of the rural development index was 5.5%, and the growth was stable from 2009 to 2013. Secondly, the average annual growth rate of the rural development index was 4.6%, and the growth slowed down from 2014 to 2017. At the same time, there was still a big gap in the benchmark of the rural revitalization plan of the county in 2018-2022, and the development speed needed to be accelerated. From all dimensions of rural revitalization, industrial prosperity and ecological livability accounted for a greater weight, indicating that industrial prosperity and ecological livability were the most important factors in the rural revitalization strategy, followed by affluent living, effective governance and rural civilization. In summary, Deqing county is a mountainous county in central and western Guangdong. The degree of agricultural industrialization needs to be improved. The integration of the first, second, and third industries needs to be strengthened. The ecological advantages have not yet been converted into industrial advantages. With the implementation of the "Deqing County Rural Revitalization Strategic Plan (2018-2022)", rural revitalization needs to accelerate the development speed, from the industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and wealthy life, and ultimately achieve the goal of rural revitalization and development.