基于城镇地籍数据三维建模的城镇低效用地调查研究

INVESTIGATION OF INEFFICIENT LAND BY 3D MODELING BASED ON URBAN CADASTRAL DATABASE

关键词:  土地资源城镇低效用地三维建模城镇土地调查数据库单因子评价法

Key words:  land resources  inefficient land  3D modeling  urban cadastral database  single factor evaluation

摘要:

［目的］文章以江西省某县中心城区为例，利用城镇地籍数据构建一种快速调查低效用地的方法，为实现城镇用地粗放低效利用向精明高效利用转变。［方法］首先根据建筑物三维属性开展城镇三维建模； 然后结合GIS三维可视化、空间分析等方法识别低效用地； 最后采用单因子评价法进行低效用地类型判定。［结果］（1）Ⅰ类低效用地的分布与城镇建设程度有关，主要分布在建设程度弱的区域； （2）Ⅱ类低效用地受布局混乱影响，造成周边建设用地割裂，影响土地的综合利用； （3）Ⅲ类低效用地大部分远离城镇中心区域，“粗放式”的土地利用模式导致土地利用强度不达标。［结论］盘活城镇低效用地是现实需要，基于城镇地籍数据三维建模的低效用地调查方法，减少了内、外业工作量，提高了调查效率与可视化程度，为城镇低效用地调查提供一种新技术与方法，有助于增强城镇核心功能，实现土地集约节约利用。

Abstract:

Taking the central urban area of a county in Jiangxi province as an example, this paper aims to construct a method of rapid investigation of inefficient land use by using urban cadastral data, so as to realize the transformation from extensive and inefficient utilization of urban land to shrewd and efficient utilization. Firstly, three dimensional modeling of town was carried out according to three dimensional attributes of buildings. Then, the inefficient land use was identified by means of GIS 3D visualization and spatial analysis. Finally, single factor evaluation method was used to judge the type of inefficient land use. The results showed that the distribution of the first type of inefficient land related to the level of construction, which failed to comply with the planned use, distributed more in areas with weak infrastructure construction; the main reason for the second type of inefficient land use existing in residential lands was the confusing layout, at the same time, it also caused fragmentation of construction sites nearby; mostly the third type of inefficient land located far away from the central area of the town, "extensive" land use patterns led to land use intensity of non compliance. It concludes that revitalizing inefficient land use in cities is a realistic need, and with the help of 3D modeling based on urban cadastral database, it reduces the internal and external business workload, improves the speed of survey and the degree of visualization, and provides a new kind of technology and method to investigate and evaluate the inefficient urban lands. It is helpful to strengthen the core function of the town and realize the intensive and economical utilization of the land.