农户视角下土地整治与减贫满意度*——基于5省区869户农户的实证分析

LAND CONSOLIDATION AND SATISFACTION OF POVERTY REDUCTION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FARMERS*——AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF 869 FARMER HOUSEHOLDS IN FIVE PROVINCES

关键词:  土地整治精准扶贫农户减贫满意度Logit模型

Key words:  land consolidation  targeted poverty alleviation  poverty reduction for rural households  satisfaction  Logistic model

摘要:

［目的］土地整治是一种被实践证明的有效减贫方式，从农户满意度视角研究我国土地整治政策的减贫成效及其影响因素，对完善我国土地整治政策具有积极意义。［方法］文章选取2018年贵州、云南、广西、宁夏和青海5个省区共计869个农户调查数据，使用Logistic决策模型分析各相关因素对农户土地整治减贫满意度的影响。［结果］结果表明，775%的受访农户对土地整治减贫效果持满意态度，在农户属性方面，家中是否有干部成员在全样本和非贫困户中对减贫满意度有着显著影响； 在政策宣传方面，农户政策认知对全样本、非贫困户、贫困户的减贫满意度均有显著影响； 在土地整治后田块平整及土地产量变化方面，田块大小及平整情况的变化对减贫满意度有着较为显著的影响； 在土地整治后收入变化方面，收入增量对减贫满意度有着较为显著的正向相关性，且相关性较高。［结论］建议要合理调整和配置土地整治项目，平衡贫困户与非贫困户之间的资源配置，扩大土地整治的受益群体范围； 同时强化土地整治政策的宣传力度，提升农户参与土地整治的获得感和满意感，发挥土地整治促进扶贫开发的减贫效益。

Abstract:

Land consolidation, as a highly efficient poverty alleviation model, is repeatedly proved by practice. Studying the poverty reduction effectiveness of China′s land consolidation policy and its influencing factors from the perspective of farmers has a positive impact on improving the land consolidation policy. The paper used a survey data with 869 households which were distributed in 5 provinces of Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Ningxia and Qinghai in the year of 2018, and applied the logistic decision model to analyze the impact of land consolidation policy′s poverty reduction on farmers′ satisfaction degree. The results showed that 77.5% of the households were satisfied with the poverty alleviation effect on land consolidation policy. In terms of the household characters, whether there were cadres in the household from full sample and non poor households had a significant positive impact on their poverty reduction satisfaction. In terms of land consolidation policy publicity, farmers′ policy perception from full sample, non poor households and poor households had a significant impact on their poverty reduction satisfaction. In terms of field leveling and land production changes after land consolidation, changes in field size and leveling conditions had a significant impact on farmers′ poverty reduction satisfaction. In terms of income change after land consolidation, income increment had a significant positive correlation with the farmers′ satisfaction, and the correlation was relatively high. Based on the results, this article proposes to rationally adjust and allocate land consolidation projects, balance the resource allocation between poor households and non poor households, and expand the scope of beneficiary groups from land consolidation. At the same time, we proposes to strengthen the publicity of the land consolidation policies, increase the farmer′ sense of gain and satisfaction in participating in the reform of the land consolidation actions, and leverage the poverty reduction benefits of land consolidation to promote the poverty reduction career.