南流江流域“三生空间”功能定量评估研究

QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF THE "PRODUCTION LIVING ECOLOGICAL" FUNCTION IN THE NANLIU RIVER BASIN

关键词:  生态系统三生空间功能分类价值评估空间特征

Key words:  ecosystem  poduction living ecological  functional classification  value assessment  spatial characteristics

摘要:

［目的］土地利用空间功能性识别是区域规划用地的基础，为兼顾食物原材料生产、居民生活和生态保护之间的关系，协调土地功能之间的矛盾，构建生态—生产—生活空间功能体系具有重要的理论与实践意义。现行的空间功能分类体系尚不成熟，构建一套与之相符的识别方法显得尤为重要。文章以土地功能、生态系统功能和景观功能为基础，兼顾其他功能，通过整合空间功能核算方法，构建“三生空间”功能价值核算体系。［方法］采用以当量表为主体，结合生物物理过程和价值替代法形成空间服务价值的测算方法。［结果］研究区域以生态空间功能为主导与土地类型功能相匹配，该空间功能价值核算体系能较好地反映区域内地类的功能性状； 核算结果显示南流江流域的生态空间总价值686亿元，生产空间总价值164亿元，生活空间总价值942亿元。南流江流域生态空间为719万hm2，占流域总面积76%，生产空间146万hm2，占流域总面积15%，生活空间86万hm2，占流域总面积9%。生态空间邻域功能类型处于高值区，一般邻域2~3种空间类型； 生产空间邻域空间类型单一，仅在图斑连接处邻域2~3种空间类型； 生活空间一般毗邻1~2种类型。［结论］研究区“三生空间”整体互补性不足，部分空间功能区景观功能较单一。同时研究发现南流江流域耕地生态价值比预期高。

Abstract:

Functional identification of land utilization constitutes the foundation of regional land planning. With food raw material production, living of residents and ecological protection taken into consideration, it can resolve the conflict of land functions and is of great theoretical and practical significance to build an ecology production living space function system. The existing spatial function classification system is immature, so it is extremely important to build a set of consistent identification methods. On the basis of land function, ecosystem function and landscape function and with other functions included as well, in this research, a"triple space" functional value accounting system is constructed through the integration of spatial function accounting methods. The equivalent scale was applied as the body and combined with the biophysical process and value substitution method to form the calculating method of spatial service value. In terms of the research area, the eco space function was taken as the leading function and matched the land type function. This spatial function value accounting system well reflected the functional traits of land types within areas. The accounting results indicated that Nanliu River basin had a total eco space value of RMB 68.6 billion, total production space value of RMB 16.4 billion and total living space value of RMB 94.2 billion, but it covered an eco space of 719 000hm2, accounting for 76% of the total basin area, production space of 146 000hm2, accounting for 15% of the total basin area and living space of 86 000hm2, accounting for 9% of the total basin area. The neighborhood function type of eco space was at high value with 2 3 neighborhood space types commonly; the neighborhood space types in production space was limited with 2 3 neighborhood space types at the pattern spot connection areas; there were 1 2 neighborhood space types of the living space. In the research area, it can be found that the overall complementarity of the "triple space" is insufficient and single landscape function exists in some spatial function areas. It is also found that the farmland in the Nanliu River basin has a high eco value than predicted.