全域旅游示范区空间分布特征及影响因素分析

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF COMPREHENSIVE TOURISM DEMONSTRITION AREAS

关键词:  全域旅游示范区空间分布特征影响因素ArcGIS中国

Key words:  global tourism demonstration areas  spatial distribution characteristics  the influencing factors  ArcGIS  China

摘要:

［目的］全域旅游示范区的确立为旅游业增添了新的旅游吸引模式，成为新时期我国旅游产业转型升级的重要途径之一。［方法］文章利用ArcGIS102，运用最邻近距离法、不均衡指数、核密度分析、等方法，对标记在地图上的500个全域旅游示范区的空间分布特征进行分析，并探究其空间分布差异的影响因素。［结果］（1）示范区空间分布不均衡，呈典型的聚集型分布，从区域角度来看，西部地区示范区数量多于东部地区，中部地区相对较少，与传统认知上的示范区分布格局存在一定错位； （2）示范区空间分布密度存在明显差异，其中江浙皖、湘赣交界、晋豫交界、陕渝交界等地区示范区聚集最多，形成显著的高密度区； （3）示范区规模度差距较大，上海、北京、江苏、天津等省市规模度较大，其他省市规模度较小； （4）示范区空间分布受到资源禀赋、区位交通、社会经济、政策环境等因素影响较大，呈现“傍景”“环路”的分布格局。［结论］全域旅游示范区空间分布不均衡，各省市既要挖掘自身核心竞争力，也要加强区域协调发展，突出示范区模范带头作用，达到辐射周边市县的效果，实现全域旅游资源优化配置。

Abstract:

The establishment of a global tourism demonstration zone has added a new tourism attraction model to the tourism industry, which has become one of the most important ways for the transformation and upgrading of China′s tourism industry in the new era. Using ArcGIS 10.2, this paper analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of the 500 global tourism demonstration areas marked on the map by using the nearest distance method, disproportion index, nuclear density analysis, and geographic contact rate, and explored the key factors influencing spatial distribution of the demonstration areas. The empirical results were indicated as followes. (1) The demonstration area had a typical clustered distribution in space, and the spatial distribution of the demonstration area was not balanced. From the regional perspective, the number of demonstration areas in the western region was larger than that in the eastern area, and the central area ranked at the bottom, which caused a certain dislocation in the distribution pattern of the demonstration areas. (2) There was a significant difference in the spatial distribution density of the demnstration areas. Among them, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Chongqing and other regions had gathered more demonstration areas, forming a significant high density area; (3) There was a large gap in the scale of these demenstration areas, with Shanghai, Beijing, Jiangsu, Tianjin and other provinces and cities being larger, and other provinces and cities being relatively smaller; (4) The spatial distribution of the demonstration areas was affected by resources endowment, regional transportation, social economy and policy environment. The spatial distribution of global tourism demonstration zones is uneven. Provinces and cities must not only tap their own core competitiveness, but also strengthen regional coordinated development, highlight the exemplary leading role of demonstration zones, achieve the effect of radiating surrounding cities and counties, and realize the optimal allocation of global tourism resources.