基于DEA的传统农耕地区农业生产效率测度*——以皖北为例

MEASUREMENT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURAL AREAS BASED ON DEA*——A CASE STUDY OF NORTH ANHUI PROVINCE

关键词:  农业生产效率C2R交叉效率皖北

Key words:  agricultural production  efficiency  C2R  cross efficiency  North Anhui province

摘要:

［目的］农业生产效率是衡量农业生产的重要标准，其生产效率测度结果对研究区域农业经济发展具有重要意义。［方法］文章以皖北农耕地区为研究对象，通过采集2017年统计年鉴的相关数据，构建农业生产绩效评价指标体系，并引入虚拟决策单元，运用数据包络分析（DEA）方法，从自评和他评的角度对2017年皖北各县级单元的农业经济生产效率进行测度，并基于结果的迥异进行效率、冗余及空间分异的分析。［结果］皖北地区农业生产整体效率较低，呈现出粗放式的农业生产模式； 各种投入要素配置不尽合理，皆存在不同程度上的冗余，整体上看塑料薄膜冗余最高、化肥施用的冗余最低； 空间分异显著，南北表现为由北向南逐渐降低的“S”型趋势、东西呈现出两端高中间低的扁平状“v”型空间分异特征。［结论］粗放式的农业生产导致了皖北农业生产效率整体较低，应完善生产要素配置，大力推进农业现代化建设，促进皖北地区农业整体性协调发展，提升地区农业生产效率。

Abstract:

Agricultural production efficiency is an important criterion for measuring agricultural production. Its production efficiency measurement results have great significance on the aspect of the study of regional agricultural economic development. This paper took the farming area in Northern Anhui as the research object, and established agricultural production performance evaluation index system by collecting relevant data of 2017 statistical year book. And it introduced the virtual decision making unit and applied the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to measure the agricultural economic production efficiency of the county level units in North Anhui province in 2017 from the perspective of self assessment and mutual evaluation. Then the analysis of efficiency, redundancy efficiency and spatial differentiation was made on the basis of the results of the differences. The results showed that the overall efficiency of agricultural production in the northern Anhui region was relatively low and it presented an extensive agricultural production model; besides, the allocation of various input factors was not all reasonable, in which exited redundancy of different degrees. The whole view showed that the redundancy of plastic film was the highest, and that redundancy of chemical fertilizer application was the lowest. Spatial differentiation was significant. The north/south trend was the gradual decreasing "S" type trend, beginning with the south and ending with the north. And the east west exhibited a flat "v" shaped trend which started from the east and ends in the west. It concludes that extensive production has led the overall agricultural production efficiency in the north of Anhui province to be in a very low status. It′s necessary to cater to production factors allocation requirements, agricultural modernization should be largely promoted. Besides, agriculture in the northern part of Anhui province should get further overall and coordinated development to improve the efficiency of regional agricultural production.