低碳小镇：国外的发展经验与启示

LOW CARBON TOWN: FOREIGN DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE AND ENLIGHTENMENT

关键词:  低碳小镇  国外经验  城市规划  生态保护  能源消耗

Key words:  low carbon town  foreign experience  urban planning  ecological protection  energy consumption

摘要:

目的 低碳小镇是近些年来面临全球气候变化，在城市化发展过程中出现的一个新的概念。总结国外低碳小镇的发展经验并从中得到启示，将其运用到我国低碳小镇的建设中。方法 文章综合运用案例分析法与总结归纳法对国外低碳小镇的发展经验进行了分析与归纳。结果 （1）界定了中国低碳小镇的定义，厘清了低碳小镇与低碳城市的区别与联系，以及中国低碳小镇发展与国外低碳小镇发展的异同，并介绍了我国低碳小镇发展的现状，主要包括具体试点以及存在的问题。（2）总结归纳了3个国外低碳小镇发展的经验，包括田园城市的规划理念，先进的新能源开发利用技术，以及完善的法律法规。结论 （1）在低碳视角下进行小城镇建设是新型城镇化的要求，可以协调城乡发展，是以生态、城乡一体化为特征的全新建设模式的需要，也是我国全面建成小康社会的强大动力。（2）借鉴国外成功经验，得出一些发展中国低碳小镇的启示，包括在区别化发展低碳小镇与低碳城市发展模式的基础上，重视规划的重要性，做好前期规划，开发清洁能源并提高能源的使用效率，建立健全相关的法律法规。（3）国际上低碳小镇发展经验表明，低碳小镇的发展形式是依据不同国家的具体国情而存在的，关键要形成因地制宜、重点突出的格局。

Abstract:

Low carbon town is a new concept in the process of urbanization in recent years. This research aims to sum up the development experience of the low carbon town in foreign countries and get the inspiration from it. This paper analyzed and summarized the experience of the development of low carbon towns in foreign countries by using the case analysis method and the summing up method. Firstly, the definition of low carbon town in China was defined, including the differences and links between low-carbon towns and low-carbon cities, and the similarities and differences between the development of low-carbon towns in China and that of low-carbon towns abroad, and the development status of low carbon town in China was introduced. Secondly, it summarized the experiences of several foreign low carbon towns, including the planning concept of the rural city, the advanced technology of new energy development and utilization, and the perfect laws and regulations. The construction of small towns from the perspective of low carbon is the requirement of new urbanization, which can coordinate the development of urban and rural areas. And it is also the need of a new construction model featuring ecological and urban-rural integration and a powerful driving force for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way. Based on the successful experience of foreign countries, we can draw some inspiration for the development of low carbon town in China, mainly including the importance of early planning, the development of clean energy, the improvement of the efficiency of energy use, the establishment and improvement of relevant laws and regulations, and the difference between low carbon town and low carbon city development model. At the same time, the development experience of low-carbon towns in the world shows that the development form of low-carbon towns is based on the specific national conditions of different countries, and the key is to form a pattern that suits local conditions and focuses prominently.