乡村振兴背景下河北省县域乡村发展类型及其乡村性评价研究

RESEARCH ON THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT TYPES AND RURALITY EVALUATION IN HEBEI PROVINCE UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF RURAL REVITALIZATION

关键词:  乡村振兴  乡村性  乡村发展类型  空间格局分异  河北省

Key words:  rural revitalization  rurality  rural development types  Hebei province

摘要:

目的 乡村振兴战略是新时代国家随着“三农”问题的发展变化而做出的有针对的战略考量，乡村振兴背景下，乡村内部社会经济体系和外部环境发生深刻变化，因此，科学客观地评价乡村振兴背景下乡村发展综合特征及其差异性，并划分乡村发展类型对于新时代乡村发展具有重要的意义。方法 文章选取河北省为典型实证进行研究，通过构建乡村性评价指标体系对乡村性指数进行测度，运用ESDA等空间分析方法探究空间分异格局，并通过Pearson相关系数矩阵和数理统计方法对乡村发展类型进行划分。结果 河北省县域乡村性指数差异明显，并呈现出“低值集聚，高值分散”的分布态势；河北省乡村性指数表现出明显的空间集聚特征，并在总体趋势和局部相关性分析中呈现“U”型曲线和“两核一带”的空间格局，邻域单元相互作用显著；根据乡村性指标体系的评价层特征，可以将河北省乡村发展划分为产业主导型、生态友好型、内化提升型、资本推动型和均衡发展型5种类型，不同类型乡村的发展策略和发展道路存在着差异。结论 乡村振兴背景下乡村发展目标发生改变，通过对乡村性这一综合指标测算可以揭示区域乡村发展的空间格局和类型差异，从而为制定科学合理的乡村发展战略提供参考。

Abstract:

Facing to rapid development and changes of agriculture, farmer and rural area issues, the Chinese government put forward the rural revitalization strategy. And because of the violent changes which took place in internal socio-economic system and external environment of the rural areas in the context of rural revitalization, it is important for rural development to reveal the comprehensive characteristics in rural area and classify the different types of development. Selecting Hebei province as a typical case, this study measured rurality by constructing regional rurality evaluation system and explored spatial disparity pattern using the method of ESDA. The Pearson correlation coefficient matrix and mathematical statistics were used to divide the different types of rural development. The results showed that the rurality among counties in Hebei province had distinct differences and presented a distribution trend of "low value agglomeration, high value dispersion". In terms of spatial disparity pattern, the rurality of Hebei porovince had a "U" curve and “Tow cores, One belt” pattern in the analysis of general trend and local correlation respectively. According to the regional rurality evaluation system, rural development in Hebei province can be divided into five types including industry leading, ecological friendly, internalization promotion, capital promotion and balanced development type. Thus, different types of rural area had various development strategies and paths. It is suggested that considering the changes of rural development targets under the background of rural revitalization, we can analyze spatial disparity pattern and rural development types by rurality, and to make scientific and reasonable strategies for rural development.