近20年福建省耕地承压分析与区划

ANALYSIS AND REGIONAL DIVISION OF CULTIVATED LAND PRESSURE OF FUJIAN PROVINCE IN THE RECENT TWENTY YEARS

关键词:  耕地承压  耕地压力指数  时空变化  区划  福建省

Key words:  cultivated land pressure  pressure index of cultivated land  temporal and spatial distribution characteristics  regional division  Fujian province

摘要:

目的 应用耕地压力指数模型，通过计算最小人均耕地面积及耕地压力指数，分析福建省耕地承压的时间变化规律及成因。方法 文章通过耕地承压类型区的划分，分析福建省耕地承压的空间变化规律、成因及区域特点。结果 （1）由于人口不断增加，耕地面积呈减少趋势，在保持粮食自给率相对稳定的情况下，1998—2018年福建省耕地承压呈明显上升趋势；（2）根据福建省各县（市、区）耕地压力指数划分耕地承压类型区，共分4个类型区，即：耕地高承压区，耕地较高承压区，耕地较低承压区和耕地低承压区；（3）福建省耕地承压空间差异显著，闽西北山区低于闽东南沿海地区。耕地高承压区和耕地较高承压区主要分布在闽东南沿海地区和靠近闽东南沿海地区，其耕地压力指数大于1，耕地承压明显；耕地低承压区和耕地较低承压区主要分布在闽西北山区，其耕地压力指数小于1，耕地承压不明显。结论 福建省耕地压力大且地区差异明显，总体上有增强的趋势。

Abstract:

By applying the model of pressure index of cultivated land and calculating the per capita minimal area of cultivated land and the pressure index of cultivated land, this paper aims to analyze the temporal distribution characteristics and the causes of the cultivated land pressure in Fujian province. By dividing the cultivated land into different categories based on the pressure index of the cultivated land, this paper further analyzed the spatial distribution, the causes and the regional characteristics of the cultivated land pressure in Fujian province. The results showed that: (1) Due to the continuous rise in population, the area of cultivated land showed a decreasing trend. While maintaining a relatively stable food self-sufficiency rate, from 1998 to 2018, the cultivated land pressure had shown a prominent upward trend in Fujian province. (2) Based on the pressure index of cultivated land of the counties (cities, districts) in Fujian province, the cultivated land was divided into four categories: high pressure areas, relatively high pressure areas, relatively low pressure areas and low pressure areas. (3) The regional division result based on these cultivated land pressure categories revealed a significant spatial difference of cultivated land pressure in Fujian province. The cultivated land pressure was significantly higher in the south-eastern coastal areas of Fujian province than in the north-western mountainous areas. The high pressure areas and the relatively high pressure areas were mainly distributed in the south-eastern coastal areas and the areas close to the south-eastern coastal areas of Fujian province. The pressure index of cultivated land in these areas was greater than 1, indicating a significant pressure on the cultivated land. The low pressure areas and the relatively low pressure areas were mainly distributed in the north-western mountainous areas of Fujian province. The pressure index of cultivated land was smaller than 1, indicating that the pressure was not obvious in these areas. It concludes that the cultivated land pressure is large and different greatly among regions. At the same time, there is an increasing trend of cultivated land pressure.