大都市郊区农户绿色生产行为影响因素基于上海市金山区数据的分析

INFLUENCING FACTORS OF FARMERS' GREEN PRODUCTION BEHAVIOR IN METROPOLITAN SUBURBSANALYSIS BASED ON DATA OF JINSHAN DISTRICT IN SHANGHAI

关键词:  农业  规模经营户  绿色生产行为  上海金山区

Key words:  agriculture  large-scale business households  green production behavior  Jinshan district in Shanghai

摘要:

目的 加快转变农业生产方式，大力发展绿色农业，是乡村振兴背景下转变农业发展方式，促进农业可持续发展的必然要求。方法 文章以上海市金山区为例，基于第三次农业普查数据，以规模经营户稻谷和小麦绿色生产行为为研究对象，对农户农业绿色生产行为的影响因素进行实证分析。结果 研究发现，播种面积的扩大、采用机播的耕作方式、农户农业经营收入的提高对减少稻谷化肥和农药的施用和促进农家肥的施用均具有积极作用，年龄越大的农户越倾向于增加稻谷农药喷洒次数；技术培训对于减少小麦化肥施用量和农药喷洒次数具有积极作用；农业经营收入和流入耕地面积对小麦农家肥的施用具有显著正向影响；长时间离开本乡镇从事兼业会增加小麦化肥的施用量，各农业绿色生产行为间都存在显著的正向影响。结论 最后为促进农业绿色生产发展，提出应发展适度规模经营、加大对农业机械和绿色生产技术的补贴力度、完善对农户的农业技术培训以及加强绿色农业社会化服务体系建设的对策建议。

Abstract:

Accelerating the transformation of agricultural production methods and developing green agriculture are inevitable requirements for promoting agricultural sustainable development under the background of rural revitalization. Based on the third agricultural census data, this paper took the paddy and wheat green production behavior of large-scale households as the research target, and analyzed the factors affecting the agricultural green production behavior of farmers in Jinshan district of Shanghai.The results showed that the expansion of planting area, the use of machine-seeded farming methods, and the increase of farmers' agricultural business income had a positive effect on reducing the application of paddy fertilizers and pesticides, promoting the application of farmyard manure, and the older farmers tended to increase the frequency of spraying pesticides on paddy. Technical training had a positive effect on reducing wheat fertilizer application and pesticide spraying times. Agricultural operating income and inflow of arable land had a significant positive impact on the application of wheat farmyard manure. Leaving the township for a long time to engage in part-time business was likely to increase the amount of wheat fertilizer, there was a significant positive impact between various agricultural green production behaviors. Finally, this paper provides the following suggestions for promoting the development of agricultural green production: to develop moderate scale operations, to increase subsidies for agricultural machinery and green production technologies, to improve agricultural technology training for farmers, and to strengthen the construction of green agricultural social service system.